沼液施用方式对两种叶菜品质及栽培环境的影响
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河南省蔬菜产业技术体系项目(S2010-03-03);国家大宗蔬菜生产技术体系(CARS-25-C-06); “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD12B01-02)


Effect of different biogas slurry fertigations on the nutrient absorption and quality of two leaf vegetables
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    为使沼液和现代灌溉装置相结合应用于温室叶菜栽培,以生菜和小白菜为试验材料,研究了滴灌、喷灌2种施肥方式与4种沼液施用浓度对叶菜品质、产量及栽培环境的影响。结果表明,滴灌和喷灌沼液比例均以V(沼液)∶V(水)=1∶4效果最佳。可以提高生菜和小白菜的产量、品质以及改善栽培基质的环境。滴灌条件下,小白菜和生菜的Vc的含量分别比对照增加了25.23%、40.00%,硝酸盐含量分别为238、122 mg·kg-1,显著低于对照处理;喷灌条件下,小白菜和生菜的Vc含量也分别比对照增加了18.98%、29.41%,硝酸盐含量也显著降低;并且两种叶菜叶片中重金属的含量均低于农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜安全要求(GB 184061—2001)的标准。沼液作为营养来源没有造成基质中养分富集和重金属的积累,滴灌和喷灌沼液两种施肥方法的叶菜收获后基质的pH值和EC值都显著降低,重金属的含量低于土壤安全生产要求(GB 15618—1995)的标准。

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    In order to make the biogas slurry and modern irrigation device combination used on the greenhouse cultivation of leaf vegetables,an experiment with lettuce and pakchoi cabbage were conducted to study the effects of biogas slurry with two kinds of irrigation(drip irrigation,sprinkler irrigation) and four kinds of concentration on the quality,yield and the cultivation environmental of leaf vegetables.The results showed that drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation V (biogas slurry)∶V (water) =1∶4 could improve the yield,quality and cultivation matrix environment of lettuce and pakchoi cabbage.As compared with the control ,Vc content increased by 25.23% and 40.00% of pakchoi cabbage and lettuce under the drip irrigation conditions with the content of nitrate were 238 and 122 mg·kg-1,respectively;whereas the Vc also increased by 18.98% and 29.41% under sprinkler irrigation conditions,and the content of nitrate was also significantly lower than the control.The content of heavy metals of those two kinds’ leaf vegetables was lower than those of agricultural product safety and quality pollution free vegetables safety vegetable in requirements (GB 184061—2001) standard.As a source of nutrition,two fertilization methods of biogas slurry significantly reduced pH and EC value with no matrix nutrient,and the content of heavy metal soil below the production safety requirement (GB 15618—1995) standard.

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李胜利,刘金,夏亚真,孙治强.沼液施用方式对两种叶菜品质及栽培环境的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014,(2):61-66.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-06-26
  • 最后修改日期:2013-07-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-14
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