不同专用肥施肥水平对柠檬幼树光合生理特性的影响
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现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系柠檬综合试验站建设专项(CARS-27);云南省科技计划项目(2016EG010);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201403036)。


Effects of different special formulated fertilizer application levels on photosynthetic physiology characteristics of lemon saplings
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    为1~2年生柠檬幼树专用肥的精准科学施用和柠檬苗繁育提供科学依据。采用腐植酸型幼树柠檬专用配方肥设置不同施肥水平,对盆栽柠檬幼树进行指数施肥,测定并比较光合相关参数变化和叶绿素相对含量。结果表明,1)不同施肥水平净光合速率日变化均为双峰型,主峰出现在10:00,次峰出现在 16:00 左右,有明显光合“午休”现象。2)不同施肥水平的蒸腾速率日变化存在较大差异,所有处理柠檬苗蒸腾速率日变化均呈双峰型。第一个峰值和第二峰值分别出现在10:00和16:00,且第二峰值高于第一峰值。第二峰值施肥40、20、10 g/株处理与对照和施肥80、160 g/株处理相比差异显著。3)光合“午休”期间,各处理净光合速率和气孔导度均下降,胞间CO2浓度增加,气孔限制值降低,表明光合“午休”主要是非气孔因素造成的。4)相关性分析表明:不同施肥水平柠檬净光合速率均与大气CO2浓度、蒸腾速率、气孔导度极显著正相关,与叶片温度极显著负相关。5)不同时间段测量的不同施肥水平柠檬叶片 SPAD 值差异较大,在各个时间段内施肥40 g/株处理SPAD 值均为最高,最高值达79.1,而施肥160 g/株处理则最低,仅48.6。合理施肥能显著提高柠檬苗的光合速率和叶片叶绿素含量,最适施肥水平是40 g株。

    Abstract:

    n order to provide theoretical basis for scientific and precision fertilization,an exponential fertilization trial by the potted lemon saplings was conducted with six special formulated fertilizer,and the relevant parameters of photosynthetic characteristics and SPAD value were determined and compared.The results showed that:1)The diurnal variation of Pn of different special formulated fertilizer application levels were doublepeak curves.The first peak and second peak occurred at about 10:00 am and at 16:00 pm,respectively,an obvious phenomenon of ‘midday depression of photosynthesis’ occurred.2)The Tr of different special formulated fertilizer application levels were doublepeak curve,the first peak and second peak occurred at about 10:00 am and at 16:00 pm,respectively,and the second peak was higher than the first peak.Compare with treatments of 80 g/plant,160 g/plant and CK,the Tr of the treatments of 40,20,10 g/plant was significantly different in the second peak.3)With the increase of intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)and decline of stomatal limitation value(Ls),the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs)decreased during the ‘midday depression of photosynthesis’,and nonstomata factors were the main causes of ‘middaydepression of photosynthesis’.4)The correlation analysis showed that the Pn of different special formulated fertilizer application levels were very significantly and positively related to their Ca,Tr and Gs,while there was a very significantly negative correlation between the Tleaf and Pn.5)The SPAD value of different special formulated fertilizer application levels had a significant difference at different periods.The treatment of 40 g/plant had the highest SPAD value(79.1),on the contrary,the treatment of 160 g/plant had the lowest value(48.6)at different periods.Reasonable fertilization significantly increased photosynthetic rate and SPAD value of lemon saplings significantly.The treatment of 40 g/plant was the best choice in the fertilizer management.

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刘红明,李进学*,杜玉霞,龙春瑞,周先艳,董美超,岳建强*.不同专用肥施肥水平对柠檬幼树光合生理特性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(4):112-117.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2016-09-02
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-08-14
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