硼肥用量对油菜产量与硼养分吸收的影响
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国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2014 BAD11 B03)。


Effects of boron application levels on rapeseed yield and boron uptake
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    摘要:

    以华油杂9号和中油杂12号为供试油菜品种,在鄂东油菜主产区布置田间试验,试验设置3个硼肥用量梯度,硼砂用量分别为0、3 和12 kg/hm2,研究硼肥用量对两种油菜产量、干物质积累量和硼素积累量的影响。结果表明,土壤严重缺硼(有效硼含量为0.12 mg/kg)条件下,施硼显著提高油菜产量和地上部各部位生物量,促进硼素吸收,且其影响随着生育进程的推移而加大。试验条件下最佳硼肥(B含量11%)用量为3 kg/hm2,相比不施硼处理,华油杂9号和中油杂12号分别增产26.8%和38.4%。硼用量为3 kg/hm2时,华油杂9号和中油杂12号的硼肥相对利用率分别为32.2%和19.4%,硼用量进一步增加,利用率显著降低。两个油菜品种相比结果表明,不同品种油菜对硼的吸收利用能力及敏感程度不同,华油杂9号具有较强的吸收、利用硼的能力,而中油杂12号对缺硼更加敏感,增产幅度更显著。研究结果说明,在当前生产条件下,油菜施硼增产效果显著,但目前油菜生产中不施硼和推荐施硼量过大的现象同时存在,应根据实际情况进行调整。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effects of boron(B)application levels on rapeseed yield,dry matter accumulation and the boron accumulation of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.),field experiment was conducted in the main region of rapeseed producing area,the eastern part of Hubei province,using the cultivars of Huayouza 9 and Zhongyouza 12,and three boron application levels were set up,which were 0,3 and 12 kg/hm2,respectively.The results showed that boron fertilizer application increased rapeseed yield and dry matter accumulation under soil boron serious deficiency condition(available boron was 0.12 mg/kg).Also absorption of boron by rapeseed was promoted significantly.And the influence became greater with the growth process.In this study,B 3 kg/hm2 was the optimum rate of boron fertilizer(B content 11%).Compared with the control,the yield of Huayouza 9 and Zhongyouza 12 increased by 26.8% and 38.4%,respectively.For the treatment of applying B 3 kg/hm2,the relative utilization ratio of boron were 32.2% and 19.4%,respectively.And the relative utilization ratio of boron reduced notably when applying rate of B increased.The comparison of the two varieties indicated that different strains had different uptake abilities and sensitivities to boron.As compared with Zhongyouza 12,Huayouza 9 had higher yield,dry matter accumulation and boron accumulation.The results suggested that Huayouza 9 had a stronger capacity of absorbing and using boron,and Zhongyouza 12 was more sensitive to boron deficiency.The Research results declared that,boron fertilizer application increased rapeseed yield obviously under current production condition.The current recommended boron application level(ie.,borax 15 kg/hm2)is too high,which should be adjusted according to the actual situation.

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朱芸,陆志峰,肖文豪,任涛,张洋洋,鲁剑巍*.硼肥用量对油菜产量与硼养分吸收的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(4):129-133.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-13
  • 最后修改日期:2017-01-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-08-14
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