生物改性聚乙烯醇可降解包膜材料的特征及其光谱特性
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国家自然科学基金(31572206);国家科技支撑项目(2015BAD23B0203)。


Characteristics and spectral properties of biodegradable modified polyvinyl alcohol coated materials
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    摘要:

    聚乙烯醇溶于水可作为肥料的包膜材料,通过物理或化学改性,可影响聚乙烯醇缓释膜层的吸水性和降解性,提高其缓释性能和环境安全。为了探究改性聚乙烯醇膜材料的改性效果和降解能力,以壳聚糖为改性剂、二氧化硅为添加剂对聚乙烯醇进行改性,分析了改性聚乙烯醇成膜物理特性、生物降解性、红外表征及表面微观结构。研究结果表明,聚乙烯醇浓度85 g/kg,壳聚糖浓度16 g/kg,混合温度80 ℃,混合时间2 h条件下制备的膜材料吸水率降低明显,添加二氧化硅使聚乙烯醇浓度70 g/kg,壳聚糖浓度8 g/kg,混合温度60 ℃,混合时间2 h条件下制备的膜材料吸水率最低,且二氧化硅添加量为5 g/kg时成膜降解率最高。红外光谱和扫描电镜分析表明,膜降解后一些主要官能团O-H、C-O键数量发生了变化,透射率增强,同时2 300 cm-1处波峰消失,这说明膜材料发生了一定的降解,同时其表面微观结构变得极为粗糙,出现很多凸起物,整体结构也变得更加松散,也说明其具有良好的生物降解性。红外光谱和电镜扫描的结果与质量变化试验的结果相一致,能够更客观地表征膜材料的降解性。

    Abstract:

    Polyvinyl alcohol dissolved in water can be used as coating material for fertilizer,physical and chemical modification can affect the water resistance and degradation of controlled release film of polyvinyl alcohol,enhancing controlled release capability and the safety of environment.In order to explore the modification and degradation mechanism of the modified polyvinyl alcohol film materials,chitosan was used as modifier and SiO2 as additive in this study,the physical properties,biodegradability,infrare characterization and surface microstructure of modified polyvinyl alcohol were analyzed.The results showed that this mixing conditions had great influence on the water absorption,stress and expansion rate of the modified polyvinyl alcohol;the water absorption of the film material decreased significantly under the conditions when the polyvinyl alcohol concentration was 85 g/kg,chitosan was 16 g/kg,mixing temperature was 80 ℃,mixing time was 2 hours,and the water absorption of the film material was lowest under the conditions when the polyvinyl alcohol concentration was 70 g/kg,chitosan was 8 g/kg,mixing temperature was 60 ℃,mixing time was 2 hours,at the same time the film degradation rate was the highest when the additional amount of silicon dioxide was 5 g/kg.Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the infrared spectrum characteristics of the degraded film between the undegraded film were different,the transmittance of the film material was higher after degradation,and the value of some characteristic peaks changed,it showed that the quantities of OH and CO bonds in the film materials changed after degraded test in soil,and the peak of 2 300 cm-1 disappeared because of the formation of SiH bonds after adding the addition of silica,it showed that some functional groups degraded,then the film material degraded too,meanwhile,the surface microstructure became very rough,and there were many protrusions,the overall structure became looser,which showed that it had a good biodegradability.The results of IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy corresponded with the results of quality change test,and more objectively represented the degradability of film material.

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陈松岭,蒋一飞,巴闯,凌尧,张玉龙,邹洪涛*.生物改性聚乙烯醇可降解包膜材料的特征及其光谱特性[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(4):154-160.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-08-08
  • 最后修改日期:2016-11-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-08-14
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