连续施用无害化污泥对沙质潮土土壤肥力和微生物学性质的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(21577172,41501322);国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA20790);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2013CB127406);中央级公益性科研院所专项(1610132016043)。


Effect of consecutive application of sewage sludge on soil fertility and soil microbial properties of sandy fluvoaquic soil
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    摘要:

    以小麦-玉米轮作体系下的沙质潮土为研究对象,选用经无害化处理后的城市污泥产物,通过2013~2015年田间定位试验,研究了不同城市污泥施用量对土壤肥力的影响,以期为城市污泥资源化利用提供理论基础和技术依据。设置单施化肥(CK)、CK+污泥15 t·hm-2(CS1)、CK+污泥30 t·hm-2(CS2)和CK+污泥45 t·hm-2(CS3)共4个处理。主要研究结果如下:(1)连续定位试验结果表明,同一施用量污泥处理的土壤pH值随施用时间的增加呈下降趋势;土壤有机质(SOM)和养分含量如全氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)随施用时间的增长呈上升趋势;(2)与CK比较,在2015年玉米季施用污泥各处理的土壤pH值显著降低了0.34~0.83个单位(P<0.05),且与污泥施用量呈反比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm-2下降最多;土壤SOM、TN、AP和AK分别显著提高了52.1%~166.9%、77.3%~177.8%、215.7%~486.3%和167.2%~379.0%(P<0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm-2效果最显著;(3)试验所用污泥施用量范围内不会造成土壤和植物籽粒重金属污染,能够保持土壤环境健康;(4)与CK比较,施用污泥各处理土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)含量均显著提高(P<0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,并且季节不同也显著影响土壤MBC、MBN含量(P<0.05);施用污泥能够显著提高土壤MBC/MBN(P<0.05),说明施用污泥能够改变土壤微生物群落组成;(5)施用污泥,尤其是高施量污泥45 t·hm-2,在保证土壤和植物籽粒质量安全下,其土壤培肥效果最优。

    Abstract:

    Sewage sludge(CS)were utilized in the accordance of the national standard in the experiment with sandy fluvoaquic soil under wheatmaize rotation system during 2013 to 2015.The experiment focused on the effects of sewage sludge on soil fertility,enzyme activity and microbial community composition for providing theoretical and technical basis for the resource utilization of sewage sludge.Four treatments,with varying doses of CS and a control,were set up as follows:CK,inorganic fertilizers alone;CS1,inorganic fertilizers and 15 t·hm-2 CS;CS2,inorganic fertilizers and 30 t·hm-2 CS;CS3,inorganic fertilizers and 45 t·hm-2 CS.The results were shown as follows:(1)Soil pH of the same treatment decreased but soil organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP),and available kalium(AK)increased over time.(2)In 2015 maize season,compared to CK,soil pH in CStreated soils significantly decreased by 0.34~0.83(P<0.05)and the dose of CS was negatively correlated to the pH.SOM,TN,AP and AK in CStreated soils significantly increased by 52.1 %~166.9 %,77.3 %~177.8 %,215.7 %~486.3 % and 167.2 %~379.0 %(P<0.05)respectively and they were positively correlated to the doses of CS.(3)The doses of CS used in this study didnt cause the heavy metals pollution to the soil and grain.(4)Compared to CK,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen(MBC and MBN)were significantly increased in CStreated soils(P<0.05)and were positively correlated to the doses of CS.Different season also caused a significant influence on MBC and MBN.MBC/MBN was significantly increased in CStreated soils(P<0.05),which showed that CS application made changes to the composition of microbial community.(5)CS application,especially 45 t·hm-2,significantly improved the soil fertility.

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黄林,乔俊辉,郭康莉,冀拯宇,刘晓*,张建峰*.连续施用无害化污泥对沙质潮土土壤肥力和微生物学性质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(5):80-86.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-28
  • 最后修改日期:2017-04-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-11-01
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