河北省典型土壤磷库状况及对长期施磷和秸秆还田的响应
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河北省科技支撑项目(12220204D、HBNZTS201502)。


Response of longterm phosphorus fertilization and straw return to various fractions of phosphorus in typical soil of Hebei province
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    摘要:

    通过大面积田间土壤养分测定及与1978年第二次土壤普查结果比较,系统研究了河北省不同农业生态类型区典型褐土、潮土、水稻土土壤磷素状况及其演变规律,并基于肥料定位试验系统研究了河北省典型褐土、潮土上长期施用磷肥、秸秆还田对土壤各形态磷库的影响。结果表明:河北省主要农业生态类型区土壤全磷、无机磷总量、Olsen-P含量均表现为太行山山麓平原褐土区>海河冲积低平原潮土区>冀东滨海平原水稻土区。1978年二次土壤普查至2014年的36年间,褐土、潮土、水稻土土壤全磷分别增加66.5%、32.8%、23.2%;Olsen-P分别增加了444.9%、533.4%和171.8%,有效磷占全磷的比重呈逐渐增加趋势。太行山山麓平原典型褐土上连续7年施用P2O5 75~210 kg/hm2,与P1相比,土壤Olsen-P占全磷比重以及Ca2-P、Ca8-P占全磷、无机磷的比重均随磷用量的增加呈增加趋势,O-P占无机磷比重随磷肥用量的增加呈降低趋势。山麓平原典型潮土中小麦秸秆还田22年,土壤全磷、无机磷总量、Olsen-P无显著增加,土壤无机磷中Ca2-P、Al-P、Fe-P、O-P、Ca10-P均无显著变化,Ca8-P显著增加。

    Abstract:

    In this study,changes of soil phosphorus in brown soil,fluvoaquic soil,paddy soil during the last 36 years were examined through a comparison between recently extensive measurements and the second soil survey data of Hebei Province,and the impacts of longterm use of phosphate fertilizer and straw return on the fractions of soil inorganic phosphorus were also investigated based on field experiments.The regional difference of soil P fractions among three different ecological regions including the piedmont plain,low plain and coastal plain in Hebei province were observed.Results showed that the contents of total phosphorus,the fractions of soil inorganic P,and OlsenP,in three ecological regions were in an order of piedmont plain(brown soil)> low plain(fluvoaquic soil)> coastal plain(paddy soil).Soil total phosphorus of piedmont plain,low plains,coastal plain increased by 66.5%,32.8%,23.2%,respectively from 1978 to 2014,and OlsenP increased by 444.9%,533.4% and 171.8%.In 7year application of 75~210 kg/hm2 phosphate(P2O5)was applied in winter wheatsummer maize rotation in piedmont plain(brown soil)to study the impact of longterm phosphorus fertilization.It showed that the proportions of OlsenP,Ca2P and Ca8P to total phosphorus and Ca2P and Ca8P to inorganic phosphorus increased,the proportions of OP to inorganic phosphorus declined.Impact of longterm wheat straw return in winter wheatsummer maize rotation on soil phosphorus in typical fluvoaquic soil area in piedmont plain showed that there was little impact on soil total phosphorus,total inorganic phosphorus,OlsenP after 22 years.In addition,Ca8P were significantly increased while other forms including Ca2P,AlP,FeP and OP,Ca10P remained stable.

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黄欣欣,廖文华,刘建玲*,贾良良,刘孟朝,杨云马,杨羚.河北省典型土壤磷库状况及对长期施磷和秸秆还田的响应[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(6):30-36.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-12-30
  • 最后修改日期:2017-03-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-12-22
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