缓控释肥在茶园中应用的研究进展
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国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFD0201208)。


The progress of controlledrelease fertilizer applied in tea garden
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    摘要:

    施肥是满足茶树营养需求的关键技术,茶园施肥主要以化肥为主,施用量大且养分流失严重,对茶园环境造成了威胁。为了更好地发挥化肥的作用,生产出了养分利用率高的缓控释肥。近年来,缓控释肥在茶园施用效果表明:(1)可以提高茶园土壤的保水保肥性,增加土壤中铵态氮的含量;(2)减少茶园氮素的流失,将氮素的利用率提高到55%~80%;(3)提高茶叶中氨基酸、咖啡碱的含量,改善茶叶品质,提高茶叶产量。但是,目前缓控释肥应用于茶园方面的研究仍有不足,本文在总结缓控释肥定义、释放机理、分类的基础上,分析了缓控释肥对茶园土壤结构、氮素流失及茶叶的影响,并提出了未来缓控释肥应用研究的4个方向。

    Abstract:

    Fertilizer is the key method to meet the nutrition demand of tea.High level chemical fertilizer application for many years might result in terrible environmental problems because of nutrition loss in tea garden.In order to make the best use of chemical fertilizer,researchers produced controlledrelease fertilizers.In recent years,the studies of the controlledrelease fertilizer effects indicated that:(1)Controlledrelease fertilizer improves soil preservation capacity of water and fertility,especially of NH+4N.(2)Controlledrelease fertilizer reduced nitrogen loss and improved N utilization ratio up to 55%~80%.(3)Controlledrelease fertilizer increased the content of amino acid,caffeine and reduced phenol ammonia of tea,improved tea quality and yield.However,the study of controlledrelease fertilizer applied on tea garden was insufficiency.In this study,the release mechanism and classification of controlledrelease fertilizer was summarized,the effects of the controlledrelease fertilizer on soil structure,nitrogen loss,tea quality and yield of tea plantation was analyzed,and four directions of the controlled release fertilizer applied in tea garden in the future study were put forward.

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胡雪荻,耿元波*,梁涛.缓控释肥在茶园中应用的研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(1):1-8.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-28
  • 最后修改日期:2017-05-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-03-05
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