钾对冬枣品质与产量的影响
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山东省重点研发计划(2015GNC111010);“经济作物专用PGPR微生物肥料创制与产业化示范”(2015ZDXX0502B02);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2012CM026)。


Effects of potassium on quality and yield of winter jujube
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    摘要:

    为了探讨钾肥对冬枣产量与品质的改善效果,采过田间试验研究了不同施钾肥量(K2O 0、0.05、0.10、0.15和0.20 kg/株)对冬枣产量、单果重、果皮花青素和果实可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、Vc及总黄酮、总三萜酸、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量的影响。结果表明:随着施钾量的增加,冬枣的产量、单果重和果皮花青素含量呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,均在施钾量为0.10 kg/株时达最高值,并显著高于其他处理;同时,010 kg/株时冬枣的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物和糖酸比也显著高于其他处理,而可滴定酸达最低值,其中可溶性糖含量分别较0、0.05、0.15和0.20 kg/株施钾量显著提高13.81%、5.30%、6.11%和7.32%;同对照相比,各施钾处理均显著提高了冬枣的Vc含量,并在施钾量为0.15 kg/株时取得最高值。此外,冬枣的总黄酮、总三帖酸和cAMP含量亦在0.10 kg/株施钾量时达最高值,其中总黄酮和cAMP含量均显著高于其他处理。综合以上分析认为,随着施钾肥量的增加,冬枣的产量和品质表现出先升后降的趋势,这表明适宜的钾肥施用量至关重要。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the improvement effect of potassium fertilizer on yield and quality of winter jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.Zhanhua),a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different application rates of potassium fertilizer(K2O 0,0.05,0.10,0.15 and 0.20 kg/plant)on yield,single fruit weight,anthocyanin content in pericarp,and the contents of titratable acid,soluble sugar,soluble solid,Vc,total flavone,total triterpene acid and cAMP in fruits.The results indicated that,along with the increase of application amount of potassium fertilizer,the yield,single fruit weight and anthocyanin content in pericarp presented a variation tendency of increasing first and then declining,and the maximum values were observed at the rate of 0.10 kg/plant,which were significantly higher than those in the other treatments.In the meantime,the soluble sugar and soluble solid contents,and the ratio of sugar to acid in fruits significantly increased compared with the other treatments,whereas titratable acid content was the minimum,soluble sugar content was increased by 13.81%,5.30%,6.11% and 7.32%,respectively,compared with the treatments of 0,0.05,0.15 and 0.20 kg/plant application rates.In comparison with the control,different treatments all obviously increased the Vc content in fruits and the maximum value was observed at the application rate of 0.15 kg/plant.Additionally,the contents of total flavone,total triterpene acid and cAMP of fruits were higher in the treatment of 0.10 kg/plant than in the other rates,and total flavone and cAMP contents were significantly higher compared to the other treatments.As a result,the yield and quality of winter jujube demonstrated a variation tendency of increasing first and then declining with the increase of application rate of potassium fertilizer,suggesting the appropriate application rate of potassium fertilizer was of great importance.

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杜振宇*,宋永贵,许元峰,马海林,马丙尧,刘方春,井大炜.钾对冬枣品质与产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(1):32-36.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-04-24
  • 最后修改日期:2017-06-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-03-05
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