The present study investigated the effect of the substitution of chemicalN by manure N fertilizers as base fertilizer in autumn on the grain yield of the winter wheatsummer maize rotation system.It provided a theoretical basis for the reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer in winter wheatsummer maize rotation system in north China.The experiment began in June 2010.The manure fertilizers substitution was only used for base fertilizer in autumn.Chemical fertilizers were also used as topdressing for the growth of winter wheat,and basal fertilizers and topdressing were used for the growth of summer maize,and the amount of fertilizers were same in the treatments except for the CK.The treatments were as follows:CK,the check plots,no fertilizer;M0C100,no manure fertilizer,100% chemical fertilizer;M20C80,20% manure fertilizer,80% chemical fertilizer;M50C50,50% manure fertilizer,50% chemical fertilizer;M100C0,100% manure fertilizer,no chemical fertilizer.The results showed that winter wheat yields didnt significantly decreased or increased in the manure fertilizer substitution treatments compared with M0C100.The yields of winter wheat were about 6 633.3～7 600 kg/hm2.While the beneficial effect of manure fertilizer substitution was more pronounced and effective in summer maize yields.The M100C0 had the highest yields of summer maize,which was about 7 416.7～9 575 kg/hm2,the M0C100 had the lowest yields,which was about 6 583.3～7 060 kg/hm2.The yields of summer maize in M20C80 and M50C50 were between them.Meanwhile,the manure fertilizers substitution improved the contribution rate,partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer for summer maize.In the winter wheatsummer maize rotation system,manure nitrogen substitution as base fertilizer in autumn increased grain yields in the whole rotation system,especially on grain yields of summer maize.Therefore,it is practicable to consider the manure fertilizers substitution in base fertilizer in autumn in the rotation of winter wheat and summer maize.