不同播期对紫云英“信紫1号”生长状况、产量及养分积累的影响
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公益性行业科研专项(201103005);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);国家农作物种质资源平台(2012019)作物种质资源保护和利用项目(NB2013-2130135-34)。


Effects of sowing date on Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)growth,yield and nutrients accumulation
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    在田间试验条件下,依据水稻收获时间设置了8月20日、8月30日、9月9日、9月19日、9月29日5个紫云英播期,研究不同播期对紫云英新品种“信紫1号”生长状况、产草量、种子产量、养分积累及生态效应的影响。结果表明,播期对紫云英苗期的生长状况影响比较明显,苗期时紫云英的株高、分枝数、地上部和地下部干重均随播期的推迟而降低,不同播期株高和地上部干重均差异显著。盛花期时不同播期紫云英株高和分枝数已无显著差异,地上部和地下部干重还有一定的差异。8月20日至9月9日播种有利于获得较高的地上部产草量,9月9日播种的紫云英地上部干重最高(4 354.22 kg/hm2)。9月19日至29日播种能够获得较高种子产量,9月19日播种的种子产量最高(1 080 kg/hm2)。8月20日至9月9日播种有利于紫云英养分的积累,养分积累的主成分分析表明,9月9日播种是获得较高紫云英养分积累的最佳播期。紫云英地上部碳、氮、硫的最大积累量分别为1 952.05、197.48、26.61 kg/hm2,固定碳、氮的能力较强,对大气中硫化物的净化也有一定的效果,适当早播有利于提高紫云英的生态效应。综上所述,本试验条件下紫云英新品种“信紫1号”8月20日至9月9日播种有利于获得较高的产草量、养分积累量及生态效应,9月19日至29日播种能够获得较高的种子产量。

    Abstract:

    Chinese milk vetch is a very important winter green manure in the rice field of south China.Planting and incorporating Chinese milk vetch can promote soil fertility and rice yield,as well as decrease nitrogen lose and greenhouse gases emission.Suitable sowing date is important to Chinese milk vetch.A field experiment was conducted to study effects of sowing date on Chinese milk vetch growth,yield and nutrients accumulation.Depending on rice harvest time,five dates were set,including August 20th,August 30th,September 9th,September 19th and September 29th.Results showed that effects were obvious during the seeding stage,in which shoot height,branches number,shoot and root dry mass decreased as the sowing date postponed.There was no significant difference for shoot height and branches number among different sowing date treatments during flowering period,but the shoot and root dry mass had difference.More grasses were obtained if an earlier sowing date was set.September 9th gained higher grasses(4 354.22 kg/hm2)than other four treatments and the difference was significant.More seeds were gained if sowing date was postponed and September 19th gathered the most seeds(1 080 kg/hm2).An earlier sowing date(September 9th)contributed to more nutrients accumulation and PCA(Principal Components Analysis)for nutrients showed that September 9th was the best sowing date for nutrients accumulation.The maximum carbon,nitrogen,sulfur of Chinese milk vetch accumulated were 1 952.05,197.48,26.61 kg/hm2,respectively,which demonstrated that it had ecological effect,stronger fixation for carbon and nitrogen,but was a little weaker for sulfur.In conclusion,an earlier sowing date(September 9th)was the best choice to gain a higher grassyield,nutrients accumulation and a better ecological effect and a later sowing date(September 19th)conduced to a higher seedsyield in this study.

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刘春增,吕玉虎,李本银*,常单娜,潘兹亮,曹卫东.不同播期对紫云英“信紫1号”生长状况、产量及养分积累的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(1):127-133.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-22
  • 最后修改日期:2017-04-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-03-05
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