海南省农产品重金属污染评价与特征分析
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海南省农业青年科技创新项目:琼财农〔2017〕1592号;海南省耕地改良专项:琼财农〔2014〕2321号。


Characteristic analysis and evaluation of heavy metal contamination of agricultural products in Hainan province
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    摘要:

    采用单项与综合污染指数法,以海南省农产品为研究对象,开展了农产品中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、As、Cr和Hg含量的抽样调查分析与评价。结果表明,全省农产品中重金属的平均含量均低于食品中规定的限值,各重金属的单项与综合污染指数均≤1,综合污染指数为0.57;全省农产品未受重金属污染,属于安全水平,适宜发展无公害农产品。同时发现,个别监测点的农产品中重金属含量有超标现象,新鲜水果中个别样品Pb、Cd、Hg超标,超标率在2.17%~10.87%之间;豆类蔬菜中个别样品Ni超标,超标率为9.09%;瓜果类蔬菜中个别样品Pb、Cd超标,超标率为12.24%~24.49%;叶菜蔬菜中个别样品Pb超标,超标率为6.67%;谷物中个别样品Pb、Cd、As超标,超标率在2.11%~7.37%之间。农产品中重金属含量间多呈正相关,其中Zn与Ni、As与Hg之间差异达到极显著水平,Cu与Zn、Cu与As、Cu与Hg、Zn与As、Zn与Hg、Cd与As、Cd与Cr、Cd与Hg、Ni与As、Ni与Hg、As与Cr之间差异达到显著水平。结合主成分分析结果,推测Cu、Zn、Ni、As、Hg含量主要受农业生产和人类活动的影响,而Cr、Pb和Cd含量受土壤母质的影响比较大。

    Abstract:

    The heavy metals contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Ni,As,Cr,and Hg in agricultural products of Hainan province were investigated by randomly sampling and evaluated by methods of single pollution index and complex pollution indices.The results showed that the average contents of heavy metals in agricultural products of Hainan province were all under the food limit values.The single pollution index and complex pollution indices of heavy metals in agricultural products of Hainan province were all lower than 1.0.The comprehensive pollution indices of the eight elements was 0.57.According to the quality grading of agricultural products,the final assessment principle should be based on the single pollution index.The agricultural products of Hainan province were not contaminated by heavy metals,it were safety level,being fit for planting nonpollution agricultural products.Most of the agricultural products quality,such as fresh fruits,melons and fruits,vegetables,leafy vegetables and grains were classified as the second level,which belonged to products with more contaminant residues,except for the legume vegetables was classified as the first level and belonged to product with a little contaminant residues.At the same time,the contents of heavy metals in agricultural products of some areas were above the limit values.In the fresh fruit,Pb,Cd and Hg contents of individual samples exceeded the standard,and the rate of these samples was between 2.17%~10.87%; In a few soy vegetables samples Ni exceeded the standard,which was 9.09%; In a few fruits and vegetables samples Pb and Cd were over the standard,with a rate of 12.24%~24.49%; Pb of individual samples was exceeded in leaf vegetables,with a rate of 6.67%.Some of the samples in the cereal were Pb,Cd and As exceeding the standard,and the rate was between 2.11%~7.37%.Most of the heavy metals contents in agricultural products were positively correlated,and the correlation of Zn and Ni,As and Hg reached a very significant level,and the correlation of Cu and Zn,Cu and As,Cu and Hg,Zn and As,Zn and Hg,Cd and As,Cd and Cr,Cd and Hg,Ni and As,Ni and Hg,As and Cr reached a significant level.Combining principal component analysis results,it was speculated that the contents of Cu,Zn,Ni,As and Hg were mainly affected by agricultural production and human activities,however,the contents of Cr,Pb and Cd were influenced by the soil parent material.

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张永发,邝继云,谢茵*,吴小平,王文斌.海南省农产品重金属污染评价与特征分析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(5):169-176.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-10-22
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