施磷量与耕作方式交互作用对甜荞植株形态及产量的影响
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(贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心,贵州 贵阳 550001)

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王炎(1992-),女,河南安阳人,硕士,从事荞麦栽培生理研究。E-mail:qm_wangyan@163.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31560358);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)前期研究专项(2014CB160312);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2297号);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合 KY字[2017]033,黔教合 KY字[2018]015)。


Effects of tillage methods and phosphorus application amount interaction on plant morphology and yield of common buckwheat
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(Technology Research Center of Buckwheat Industry,Guizhou NormalUniversity,Guiyang Guizhou 550001)

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    摘要:

    为明确耕作方式和施磷量对甜荞植株形态及产量的影响,以甜荞品种丰甜 1号为试验材料,设置了不同的耕作方式和磷肥处理,研究了其对甜荞根际土壤养分、根系形态、农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:根际土壤铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量总体随施磷量的增加呈先降后增的趋势,且基本以中浓度磷肥处理时含量最低,根际土壤 pH值随施磷量的增加而降低,有机质含量则增加;根系活力、农艺性状及产量基本以中浓度磷肥处理高于其他处理。不同耕作方式间以深耕和常耕处理的根系形态优于免耕;根系活力、产量以深耕高于其他处理;相关性分析表明,丰甜 1号的株高与根系长度、表面积显著正相关,与主茎节数、主茎分枝数极显著正相关,产量与株高、主茎节数极显著正相关。综上,深耕及中浓度磷肥处理将更有利于甜荞植株的成长及产量的提高。

    Abstract:

    To determine the effect of tillage methods and phosphorus application amount on plant morphology and yield of commonbuckwheat,the common buckwheat“Fengtian No.1”was used as experimental material,and different farmingmethods and phosphate fertilizer treatments were set up to study its effects on soil nutrients,root morphology,agronomictraits and yield of commonbuckwheat.The results showed that the content of availablenitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of phosphorus applicationamount,and the content was basically the lowest when treated with the medium concentration phosphate fertilizer,pH ofrhizosphere soil decreased with increasing phosphorusapplication,while the content of organic matterincreased.The rootactivity,agronomic traits and yield were basically higher than that of other treatments by the medium concentration phosphatefertilizer.The root morphology of deep tillage and conventional tillage between different tillage methods was better than that ofnotillage,and the root vigor and yield were higher than other treatments by deeptillage.Correlation analysis showed that theplant height of Fengtian No.1 was positively correlated with the length and surface area ofroots,and was positively correlatedwith the number of main stems and the number of mainstems,and the yield was positively correlated with plant height andthe number of main stem sections.In conclusion,deep tillage and medium concentration phosphate fertilizer will be more conducive to the growth and yield improvement of buckwheat plants.

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王炎,李振宙,黄凯丰.施磷量与耕作方式交互作用对甜荞植株形态及产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(1):22-29.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-14
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2018-07-08
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-03-19
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