The North China Plain is an important base of grain production in China. Study of soil organic matter(SOM)andnutrients in the North China Plain is of great importance for the sustainable development of the regional agriculture. In thisstudy,three sampling lines(north,middle,and south)were selected in typical farmland of the North China Plain,and SOMand main nutrients were analyzed on a provincial scale. Average contents ofSOM,totalnitrogen(TN),available nitrogen (AN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK)in the study area were 14.0±3.5g/kg,0.98±0.28g/kg,76.6±21.6 mg/kg,18.6±9.9 mg/kg and 136.1±42.7 mg/kg,respectively. There were significant differences betweendifferent lines for TN andAP,with the lowest AP found along the south line that revealed highest soil pH. Soil organic matter and nutrients showed some fluctuations in the east-westdirection,but with no obvious changing trend. The coefficient of variation ofAP(47.8%)was significantly higher than those(24.3%～31.6%)of SOM and other nutrients. Soil C ∶N ratio ranged from 4.2to14.3,with an average of8.6,which was lower than the national average level. The present levels of SOM and nutrient weremodest higher than those in the1980s,which might be due to increased rates of organic and chemical fertilization. This study suggests that there is a need to use more organic or combined organic-chemical fertilizers in the North China Plain.