In thispaper,influence of rice straw wet compost on yield and quality of rice was investigated to explorethe appropriate measures,rules and dosage of rice straw wet compost for high quality rice,in which the conventionalstaged,one-time application of chemical and organic fertilizers,combination of different dosage of rice straw wetcompost and different proportion of fertilizer were set as experimental treatments,while no fertilizer as controls. Theresults show that rice yield and chalkinessdegree,protein content and taste value in various experimental groups arequitedifferent,which range from 5 560 kg/hm 2 to 9 460 kg/hm2,from 1.57% tO₂.23%,from 8.11% to10.06%,from 64.56 to 73.24 respectively. Composts of different fertility and their combination with chemical fertilizers had good effecton rice quality such asappearance,nutrition,cooking and taste. The yield of rice with combined application of 50% of rice straw wet compost and 25% of chemical fertilizer reached 8 705 kg/hm2,which was similar to the rice with customary phased application of fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Chalkiness degree and protein content of rice with this combinedapplication was 1.84% and 8.54% respectively and the taste value was optimal. The other appearance,cooking qualitywere also moderately high. Therein,rice straw wet compost,which showed strong nutrient ability,good compatibilitywith fertilizer,improving nutrient utilization and rice flavor and reducing fertilizer,could be employed as an important fertilizer sources for high quality rice cultivation.