In order to analyze the correlation between oxygen consumption rate with temperature and water content inthe aerobic composting of urban sewage sludge with ricestraw,the oxygen concentration variation and fluctuation wereanalyzed in different aeration rates of composting process.Our results indicatedthat:(1)The change of temperature ineach treatment showed four periods: raising-temperature period,high-temperature period,cooling-temperature period and constant-temperatureperiod,and the maximum temperature was 74.20 ℃.The water content was increased atfirst,then decreased and trended to stable at last.(2)The oxygen concentration decreased gradually in different periods and descended obviously in the high-temperature period.(3)The difference of oxygen concentration between the high-temperature period and the constant-temperature period had significant difference( P<0.01).(4)The regularities of themaximum oxygen consumption rate was treatment 3>treatment 2>treatment 1>treatment >4treatment.The compost wouldbe matured when the oxygen consumption rate dropped to0.11%/min.The correlation between oxygen consumption rate withtemperature and moisture content of treatment 3 had significant difference( P<0.01).Inaddition,when the aeration flow-rate was 1.00 m3/h,the oxygen concentration exceed17%,the high-temperaturestage(6d)was the longest in the wholecompostingstage(16d)and the maximum oxygen consumption rate was able toachieve(0.75%/min).The aeration rate of 1.00 m3/h was the best flow-rate for urban sewage sludgecomposting.