In order to study changes of complex microbial communities structure and physical-chemical properties ofbanana soils afterfertilization,an experiment was carried out in banana soils in Dongfang city of HainanProvince.Complex microbial and amino acid water soluble fertilizer together were used as a treatment group and dripped irrigation water was thecontrolgroup,and the field management was same between two groups.The treatments were carried out on three stagesincluding seedingstage,middle stage and budstage.Soil samples were collected after all treatments completed 30 days later and analyzed to study the physic-chemical properties of soils.The soil DNA was extracted for bacterial and fungi diversity analysis by high-throughout sequencingtechnology.The results showedthat:(1)The treatment group effectively improvedthe nutrient composition of the soil,and available phosphorus and available potassium were increased significantly( P<0.01). Alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen was increasedtoo( P<0.05),the number of soil root-knot nematode was significantlydecreased( P<0.05).(2)From bacterial sequencing,in treatmentgroup,relative abundance of bacterial of which ≥2% were in decline at the Order level and Rhodanobacter,Sphingomonas and Dyella which relative abundance were ≥1% werein decline at the Genuslevel.(3)From fungi sequencing,relative abundance of fungi Colletotrichum which were able tocause anthrax were declined in treatment group at the Genuslevel,while relative abundance of fungi Penicilliumincreased. It can be concluded that the combination of compound microbial fertilizer and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer can improvethe soil physicochemical character and microorganism community structures,which is beneficial to the prevention banana disease.