养分专家系统在双季稻中的应用和评价
作者:
作者单位:

(1.江西省红壤研究所 /江西省红壤耕地保育重点实验室 /国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330046;2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081)

作者简介:

柳开楼(1984-),男,河南滑县人,助理研究员,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所与博士研究生,主要从事土壤肥料方面的研究。E-mail:liukailou@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划“肥料养分推荐方法与限量标准”,研(2016YFD0200101);国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创究开发适应我国国情的推荐施肥技术就显得十分新”重点专项(2016YFD0300901);公益性行业(农业)科研专迫切。项(201503122)。


Application and evaluation of Nutrient Expert in double-cropping rice
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Affiliation:

(1.Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Arable Land Conservation of Red Soil,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Nanchang Jiangxi 330046;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

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    摘要:

    为合理评估养分专家(NE)系统在双季稻区的化肥减施效果,本研究于 2014~ 2016年在江西省进贤县开展了 3年 6季的田间试验,并分析了 NE系统与农民习惯(FP)处理、当地农技部门的测土配方推荐施肥(ST)处理下水稻产量、氮磷钾养分吸收量、化肥施用量和肥料偏生产力变化。结果表明:1)NE处理可以显著提高早、晚稻的籽粒产量和养分吸收量(除了 2014年)。2015和 2016年,NE处理的早、晚稻产量分别比FP处理增加了15.17%~ 32.74%和14.33%~19.25%;早、晚稻氮素吸收量分别比FP处理增加了25.16%~ 33.21%和 22.09%~26.82%,磷素吸收量增加了 27.45%~ 29.57%和 27.02%~38.60%,钾素吸收量增加了 16.59%~ 22.34%和 14.24%~16.21%。2)与 FP处理相比,3年间 NE处理的早、晚稻季氮肥用量分别降低了24.86%~ 29.15%和 28.15%~34.43%,磷肥的降幅分别为 15.97%~ 37.05%和 31.72%~44.75%,钾肥的降幅分别为 60.35%~ 66.22%和 72.29%~74.02%。3)与 FP处理相比,3年间 NE处理的早、晚稻氮肥偏生产力分别提高了 53.26%~ 83.41%和 48.77%~81.86%,磷肥偏生产力分别增加了 57.97%~ 76.31%和 66.24%~115.83%,钾肥偏生产力分别增加了 113.25%~ 156.13%和 160.88%~206.00%。因此,NE系统可以在双季稻实现化肥减施增效的目标。

    Abstract:

    In order to reasonably evaluate the effect of NutrientExpert(NE)on double-cropping rice inChina,a seriesof field experiments were conducted in Jinxian county,Jiangxi Province from 2014 tO2016.There treatments wereNE,farmer habits(FP)and soil testing from the local agricultural technical department(ST).Riceyield,nutrientuptake,fertilizer amounts and partial factorproductivity(PFP)were analyzed.The results showedthat:1)NE treatmentsignificantly increased grain yield and nutrients uptake of early and laterice(except for2014).In 2015 and2016,the yield of NE treatment was increased by 15.17%~ 32.74% and 14.33%~ 19.25% than FP treatment in early and laterice,respectively.Compared withFP,the nitrogen uptake of NE treatment was increased by 25.16%~ 33.21% and 22.09%~ 26.82% in early and laterice,respectively.The phosphorus uptake were increased by 27.45%~ 29.57% and 27.02%~38.60%,potassium uptake were increased by 16.59%~ 22.34% and 14.24%~16.21%.2)Compared withFP treatment,the nitrogen fertilizer of NE were decreased by 24.86%~ 29.15% and 28.15%~ 34.43% in early and laterice,respectively.The phosphate fertilizer were decreased by 15.97%~ 37.05% and 31.72%~44.75%.The potassium fertilizer was decreased by 60.35%~ 66.22% and 72.29%~74.02%,respectively.3)Compared with FP treatment, the PFP of nitrogen fertilizer in NE treatment was increased by 53.26%~ 83.41% and 48.77%~81.86%,respectively. The PFP of phosphorus fertilizer were increased by 57.97%~ 76.31% and 66.24%~115.83%respectively.The PFP of potassium productivity were increased by 113.25%~ 156.13% and 160.88%~206.00%,respectively.Therefore,NE could achieve the goal of chemical fertilizer reduction and synergism in double cropping rice.

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柳开楼,李大明,胡志华,胡惠文,余喜初,杨富强,叶会财,杨旭初,徐小林,黄庆海.养分专家系统在双季稻中的应用和评价[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(1):184-189.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-08
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  • 录用日期:2018-07-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-03-19
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