中度盐碱土掺沙对土壤水盐运移和夏玉米生长的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东 淄博 255000;2.山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,山东 淄博 255000;3.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081)

作者简介:

张宇航(1994-),男,山东淄博人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业水土工程研究。E-mail:906520823@qq.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:山东省自然科学基金(ZR2016EEM34);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07203-007);国家自然科学基金(41402208)。


Effect of mixing sand with surface soil on moderately salinized soil water-salt transport and summer maize growth
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(1.School ofAgricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo Shandong255000;2.School ofResources and EnvironmentalEngineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo Shandong255000;3.Institute ofEnvironment and Sustainable Development inAgriculture,Chinese Academy of AgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081)

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    摘要:

    为探究表层(0~ 20 cm)掺沙对黄河三角洲地区盐碱地的改良效应,以滨州地区中度盐碱土为研究对象,利用黄河河沙作为添加物质进行了室内研究和大田试验,探究表层掺沙对土壤水分入渗、土壤理化性质和夏玉米生长的影响。室内试验共设置CK(0%)、S1(5%)、S2(10%)、S3(15%)、S4(20%)5种掺沙比例,根据室内试验的结果,大田试验设置CK(0%)、S1(5%)、S2(10%)、S3(15%)4种掺沙比例。结果表明:(1)表层掺沙可以提高土壤入渗能力,入渗速率随掺沙比例增大而增大;(2)表层掺沙会降低掺沙层的土壤含水率,提高掺沙层以下土壤的含水率,掺沙 5%~ 15%的下层含水率随掺沙比例增大而增大,掺沙 20%的下层含水率低于其他掺沙处理;(3)在相同入渗条件下掺沙 10%~ 20%显著提高脱盐效率,掺沙 15%的脱盐指标最好,平均脱盐率比 CK增加7.65%,脱盐区深度和达标脱盐区深度分别比 CK增加1.51、1.06cm;(4)大田中土壤水分和盐分变化与室内试验的结论一致,验证了室内试验的结论。掺沙处理的玉米株高、茎粗、叶面积、干物质重和产量均大于 CK,其中掺沙 15%的增产率最大,为 10.40%。土壤表层掺沙可有效改良滨州地区盐碱地,最佳掺沙比例为15%。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effect of saline-alkali improvement by sand mixed with surface soil in Yellow River Delta,the laboratory studies and field experiments were conducted to explore the influence of adding sand on soilinfiltration,soil physical-chemical properties and summer maizegrowth.The Yellow River sand was used as the additive for the moderatelysalinized soil from Binzhouarea,mixing sifted river sand into surfacesoil(0~ 20cm).The laboratory studies were one -dimension vertical infiltration experiment included five kinds of mixing proportion of sand:CK(0%),S1(5%),S2(10%),S3(15%),S4(20%).On the basis of laboratory studies,the field experiments set four kinds of mixingproportion:CK(0%),S1(5%),S2(10%),S3(15%).All experiments were repeated three times.The resultsshowed that:(1)Mixing sand with surface soil improved soil infiltration.The infiltration rate increased with the mixingproportion.(2)Mixing sand to surface soil reduced the soil moisture content of adding sand layer,and increased soilmoisture content under thislayer.In the layer withoutsand,the water content of the 5%~ 15% sand treatments increasedwith the proportion of sandmixing,and the water content of 20% sand treatment was lower than those of the other mixedproportion.(3)The desalination indicators of the sand proportion 10%~ 20% were higher than that of control treatmentobviously.The average desalination rate of 15% sand was increased by 7.65% than that of control treatment,and the soildesalination depth and the standard desalination depth of 15% sand were increased by 1.51 and 1.06 cm.(4)The resultsof field experiment were same as laboratory study and verified the conclusion of the laboratory.The plant height,stemdiameter,leaf area,dry matter and yield of summer maize were better than control treatment;the increase rate of yield of15% sand treatment was themaximum,which was10.40%.Mixing sand with surface soil to improve saline -alkali soil inBinzhou area is effective and the most suitable proportion is15%.

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引用本文

张宇航,高佩玲,张晴雯,赵亚东,杨大明.中度盐碱土掺沙对土壤水盐运移和夏玉米生长的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(2):83-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-17
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2018-10-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-24
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