钾肥施用量对甘蔗产量、糖分积累及其抗逆性的效应研究
作者:
作者单位:

(1.广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室 /中国农业科学院甘蔗研究中心 /广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所,广西 南宁 530007;2.广西农业科学院,广西 南宁 530007)

作者简介:

谢金兰(1977-),女,广西横县人,副研究员,硕g/kg,碱解氮 59mg/kg,有效磷 30.1mg/kg,速效钾士,主要从事甘蔗栽培技术方面的研究,同时为通讯作者。E-mail:xiejinlan2008@126.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科 2016YM05、桂供试甘蔗品种为桂糖 44号。试验在广西农科农科2018YT03);国家糖料产业技术体系(CARS-170206);国家现代院甘蔗研究所科研基地开展,质地为粘壤土,多年农业产业技术体系广西创新团队(nycytxgxcxtd-03-01);蔗糖产业省部连作甘蔗。土壤基本理化性质:pH值 5.8,有机质共建协同创新中心;广西农科院特色农业兴宾甘蔗试验站;广西扶绥甘蔗试验站(桂TS2016022)。


Effects of potassium fertilizer application amount on sugarcane yield,sugar accumulation and stress resistance
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(1.Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement Biotechndogy Key Open Laboratory/SugarcaneResearchCenter,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Sugarcane Institute,Guangxi Academy of AgriculturalSciences,Nanning Guangxi530007;2.Guangxi Academy of AgriculturalSciences,Nanning Guangxi530007)

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    摘要:

    通过田间试验研究不同钾肥施用量对甘蔗产量、糖分积累及其抗逆性的影响。结果表明,甘蔗产量随着钾肥施用量增加而增加,4个钾用量处理的新植、宿根两年甘蔗平均产量增产率分别为 16.9%、21.8%、25.0%、25.6%。扣除化肥投资K1、K2、K3、K4、CK的收益分别为 30583、31140、31190、30463、26 485元 /hm2。钾肥施用对甘蔗糖分积累的促进作用不明显,而对甘蔗抗黑穗病有一定作用,宿根甘蔗生长后期黑穗病发病率随着钾肥施用量增加而下降。钾肥施用对提高甘蔗螟虫危害抗性作用不明显。钾肥施用有利于提高甘蔗田间抗旱性,在天气持续干旱条件下,甘蔗保持的青叶数随着钾肥施用量增加而增加。综合各项调查结果,本试验钾肥施用量以K2O 300 kg/hm2表现最优。

    Abstract:

    A field experiment was conducted to research effects of potassium fertilizer application amount on sugarcaneyield,sugar accumulation and stressresistance.The results showed that the yield of sugarcane increased with the increaseof potassium fertilizer applicationamount.The average product of new-planting sugarcane and ratooning sugarcane in twoyears were increased by 16.9%,21.8%,25.0% and 25.6%,respectively.Earnings excluding fertilizer investment were 30 583 yuan/hm2,31 140 yuan/hm2,31 190 yuan/hm2,30 463 yuan/hm2,and 26 485 yuan/hm2(contrast).The effect of potassiumfertilizer on sugar accumulation was not obvious but had a certain effect on sugarcane smutresistance.The incidence of smutdecreased with the increase of potassium application at later stages of ratooning sugarcane.The application of potassiumfertilizer had no obvious effect on improving the sugarcane resistance of borers.Application of potassium fertilizer wasbeneficial to improve the drought resistance of sugarcane infield.The number of green leaves of sugarcane increased with theincrease of potassium application under the condition of continuous drought.K 2O 300 kg/hm2 was the best potassium fertilizerapplication in theexperiment.

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谢金兰,李长宁,李毅杰,梁强,刘晓燕,罗霆,林丽,梁阗,何为中,谭宏伟.钾肥施用量对甘蔗产量、糖分积累及其抗逆性的效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(2):133-138.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-06-04
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2018-07-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-24
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