苦豆子绿肥对甜瓜光合性能日变化及品质的影响
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(新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052)

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齐晓晨(1994-),女,新疆伊犁人,硕士研究生,研方法究方向为养分资源高效利用。E-mail:543172405@qq.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31460542);自治区高校科研计划科学研究重点项目(XJEDU2014B013)。


Effects of Sophora alopecuroides as green manure on diurnal changes of photosynthetic performance and quality of melon
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(College of Pratacultural and EnvironmentalScience,Xinjiang AgricultureUniversity,Urumqi Xinjiang830052)

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    摘要:

    通过模拟田间立架栽培模式的盆栽试验,研究不同苦豆子绿肥施用量对立架甜瓜土壤养分状况、叶片光合特性的日变化规律和单果重及品质的影响。结果表明:施用苦豆子绿肥能显著改善立架甜瓜土壤养分状况,对提高土壤碱解氮含量尤为显著。同时施用苦豆子绿肥能提高立架甜瓜光合能力,以增加单果重和提升品质。不同苦豆子绿肥施用量对立架甜瓜净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Evap)、瞬时水分利用效率(iWUE)日变化影响均呈双峰曲线变化趋势。苦豆子绿肥施用量为 200~ 400 g·株 -1(M2~ M4)时立架甜瓜光合特性综合增效最显著。相关性分析显示,Pn和 iWUE是影响单果重和品质的主要光合指标。立架甜瓜单果重在M2处理时最高,较 M0处理增加48.5%,其品质(粗蛋白、Vc、还原糖)在 M3处理时提升效果最优,分别较 M0处理显著增加40.50%、38.16%、37.30%。推荐苦豆子绿肥的施用量为 200~ 300g·株 -1。

    Abstract:

    Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of the application quantity of Sophora alopecuroides greenmanure on soil nutrientstatus,photosynthetic performance diurnalvariation,weight and quality of trellis -cultivated melon. The results showed that the application of Sophora alopecuroidesgreen manure significantly improved the soil nutrients, and it was more significantly to improve the content of available N of trellis-cultivated melon. The application of Sophora alopecuroidesgreen manure improved simultaneously photosynthetic capacity,and increased weight and improved quality of trellis-cultivated melon. The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Evap),instantaneous water use efficiency(iWUE)of leaf of trellis-cultivated melon all diurnally varied with the bimodal curve. The photosynthetic performance of trellis-cultivated melon were the most significant integrated when the application of greenmanure was 200~ 400 g·plant -1(M2-M4).Correlation analysis showed that Pn and iWUE were the main photosynthetic factors influencing weight and quality of trellis-cultivated melon. The weight of trellis-cultivated melon was the highest in treatment M2 and increased by 48.5% compared with M0.The quality(crude protein,vitaminC,reducing sugar)of trellis-cultivated melon was the highest in treatment M3 and increased by40.50%,38.16% and37.30%,respectively,compared with M0. Ingeneral,the recommended application rate for Sophora alopecuroidesmanure is 200~ 300 g·plant -1.

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齐晓晨,叶祖鹏,赵库,韩伟,陈波浪.苦豆子绿肥对甜瓜光合性能日变化及品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(4):178-186.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-27
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  • 录用日期:2018-10-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-09-02
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