| 摘要: |
| 利用土壤微生物平板计数方法，对寿光市、苍山县(现兰陵县)两个蔬菜产区的土壤微生物区系进行了研究。获得如下结果:(1)蔬菜种植年限对大棚土壤微生物的区系变化有显著的影响。苍山以种植 4年、8年的土壤细菌最多，寿光以种植 2年、6年的细菌数量最大，两蔬菜产区土壤细菌数量都以种植 12年和 7年最低；寿光市土壤真菌数量以种植 3年、2年最高，苍山以 8年、10年最高，两个区都以种植 12年和 7年的真菌量降低最多；寿光市土壤放线菌都以种植 10年、5年最高，苍山县以 2年、10年最高，超过 6年下降加快。蔬菜大棚连续种植 12年时，两地蔬菜大棚土壤中的细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量都急剧减少。(2)蔬菜轮作有利于各种微生物数量维持较高的水平；单一蔬菜品种种植中，西红柿、大蒜对土壤细菌有不良影响，辣椒、大蒜能够抑制和减少土壤真菌数量，大蒜对放线菌有很强的抑制作用。(3)寿光市大棚蔬菜土壤微生物总量以黄瓜 -架豆轮作最高，茄子的土壤微生物总量最少。苍山县土壤微生物总量以茄子 -辣椒轮作种植最高，茄子、辣椒单一品种能够维持较高的土壤微生物水平，蔬菜轮作和茄子、辣椒单一种植均有利于提高土壤微生物总量。 |
| 关键词: 蔬菜 种植年限 种植茬口 土壤微生物 |
| DOI：10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.18369 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of vegetable planting years and rotation in greenhouse on soil microorganisms |
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YAN Geng-xu1,FAN Bing -quan2
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(1.Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Taocheng District, Hengshui City, Hebei Province，Hengshui Hebei053000;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of AgriculturalSciences，Beijing100081)
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| Abstract: |
| Soil microbial plate counting method was used to study the soil microbial flora in two vegetable producing areasin Shouguang City and CangshanCounty(now LanlingCounty).The following results wereobtained:(1)The vegetable planting years has a significant effect on the fauna change of soil microbes in greenhouse. The highest soil bacteria numberoccurs after 4 years and 8 years’planting atCangshan，but 2 years and 6 years forShouguang，and the lowest soil bacteria number in both vegetable producing areas occurs after 12 years and 7 years’planting. The highest soil fungi number occursafter 8 years and 10 years’planting atCangshan，but 3 years and 2 years forShouguang，and the lowest soil fungi number in both vegetable producing areas occurs after 12 years and 7 years’planting. The highest soil actinomycetes number occursafter 2 years and 10 years’planting atCangshan，but 10 years and 5 years forShouguang，and the lowest soil actinomycetes number occurs after 6 years’planting. When the vegetable greenhouses were continuously planted for 12years，the number ofbacteria，fungi and actinomycetes in the vegetable greenhouse soils of the two places decreaseddrastically.(2)Vegetablerotation is conducive to maintaining the microorganism at a highlevel.In the cultivation of single vegetabletypes，tomatoeand garlic have adverse effects on soilbacteria，pepper and garlic can inhibit and reduce the number of soilfungi，and garlichas a strong inhibitory effect for actinomycetes.(3)The total amount of soil microorganisms in greenhouse vegetables inShouguang City was the highest in cucumber-shelfrotation，and the total amount of soil microorganisms in eggplant was theleast. The total amount of soil microbes in Cangshan County was the highest in eggplant-chilirotation.The single varieties ofeggplant and pepper could maintain high soil microbial levels.Vegetable rotation，eggplant and pepper were beneficial to increase the number of soil microbial flora. |
| Key words: vegetables plantingyears plantingmouthwash soil microorganisms |
