不同秸秆还田方式对土壤酶活性和玉米产量的影响
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(吉林农业大学农学院,吉林 长春 130118)

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刘玮斌(1993-),男,江西吉安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为玉米栽培。E-mail:1639716610@qq.com。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划2017YFD0300607;吉林科技发展计划 20170520092JH;吉林省玉米产业技术体系;吉林省农委玉米秸秆适应性研究。


Effects of different straw returning methods on soil enzyme activity and maize yield
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(AgronomyCollege,Jilin AgriculturalUniversity,Changchun Jilin130118)

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    摘要:

    为了给吉林省玉米田最适秸秆还田方式提供一定的科学依据,试验采用随机区组法,通过与传统耕作相比较,秸秆深翻还田和秸秆覆盖还田,研究在不同生育时期秸秆还田对土壤含水量、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性及产量变化的影响。结果表明:随着玉米生长,秸秆深翻还田、秸秆覆盖还田、传统耕作在玉米生育期内土壤含水量和各土壤酶活性变化趋势相一致;在玉米抽雄期,深翻还田和覆盖还田较传统耕作土壤含水量分别增加33.57%、16.20%,过氧化氢酶活性分别增加14.91%、9.29%,蔗糖酶活性分别升高32.20%、20.26%,脲酶活性分别增加10.53%、5.84%,酸性磷酸酶活性分别升高19.79%、8.59%;产量分别增加 5.59%和2.39%。因此秸秆深翻还田更有利于提高土壤酶活性和产量,可作为吉林省秸秆还田首选方式。

    Abstract:

    In order to provide some scientific basis for the optimal straw return method in maize field in JilinProvince,thisexperiment adopted the random blockmethod,compared with the traditionaltillage,two straw returning methods including the straw deeply ploughed back and the straw mulch were applied to study the effects of different straw return methods on soilwatercontent,catalase,sucrase,urease and acid phosphatase activity andyield.The results showed that the soil water content and soil enzyme activity of the traditional tillage were consistent with those of the straw deeply turned back treatmentand straw mulch treatment with the growth ofmaize.In the period of maizeheading,compared with the traditionaltillage,the soil water content of the straw deeply turned back treatment and straw mulch treatment increased by 33.57% and16.20%,the catalase activity increased by 14.91% and9.29%,the sucrase activity increased by 32.20% and20.26%,the ureaseactivity increased by 10.53% and5.84%,the acid phosphatase activity increased by 19.79% and8.59%,and the yieldincreased by 5.59% and2.39%,respectively.Therefore,the deep returning of the straw back to the field is more favorableto increase soil enzyme activity andyield,which can be used as the preferred method of straw return in JilinProvince.

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刘玮斌,田文博,陈龙,刘亚亮,于寒,谷岩.不同秸秆还田方式对土壤酶活性和玉米产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(5):25-29.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-09
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-03-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-30
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