镁肥基施及后期喷施对油菜产量与品质的影响
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(华中农业大学资源与环境学院 /华中农业大学微量元素研究中心,湖北 武汉 430070)

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田贵生(1987-),男,湖北省武穴市人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为植物营养。E-mail:tianguisheng@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。

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基金项目:国际镁营养研究所合作项目(IMI2018-02);国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)。


Effects of spraying magnesium on the yield and quality of oilseed rape under different magnesium fertilizer application rates
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(College of Resources andEnvironment,Huazhong AgriculturalUniversity/Microelement ResearchCenter,Huazhong AgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan Hubei430070)

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    摘要:

    在大田条件下,研究了镁肥基施及后期喷施对直播冬油菜产量与品质的影响,为冬油菜科学施肥提供理论依据。试验采用裂区设计,主处理为基施镁肥,用量分别为 MgO 0、15、30、45、60 kg/hm2;副处理为叶面喷施清水和镁肥,于油菜终花期(即播种后 180 d)喷施等量(750 L/hm2)清水和 0.5%硫酸镁。结果表明:(1)镁肥基施显著提高了油菜产量和产油量,与不施镁相比,施镁的油菜产量和产油量分别增加了 370~ 675和253~ 409 kg/hm2,增幅分别为 14.08%~ 25.68%和 21.12%~34.19%。(2)镁肥基施及后期喷镁可进一步提高油菜产量和产油量,与喷水相比,喷镁的油菜产量和产油量分别增加了 89~ 267和 44~ 138 kg/hm2,增幅分别为 2.74%~ 9.36%和 2.81%~9.56%。基施 MgO 15 kg/hm2时,喷施镁肥的油菜产量和产油量增产效果最佳,分别为 266和 138 kg/hm2;基施镁肥超过 MgO 30 kg/hm2时,喷施镁肥的增产效果不明显。因此,在土壤交换性镁含量界于缺乏与潜在缺乏时,油菜基施 MgO 30~ 45 kg/hm2即可满足整个生育期的镁养分需求;基施镁肥用量较低(MgO 15 kg/hm2)时,后期喷施叶面镁肥可以达到相应的增产效果。

    Abstract:

    In thisstudy,the effects of magnesium application on the yield and quality of oilseed rape were discussed underthe field conditions,which provided a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization of oilseedrape.The test used the crackzone design,the main treatment was the amount of magnesium fertilizer with MgO0,15,30,45,60 kg/hm2respectively;the secondary treatment was the foliar spray of water and magnesium fertilizer.An equalamount(750 L/hm2)of water and 0.5% magnesium sulfate were sprayed at the end of floweringperiod(sowing after 180 days).The results showedthat:(1)Application of magnesium fertilizer significantly increased the yield and oil production of oilseedrape.Comparedwith no application of magnesium,the yield and oil production of fertilized magnesium increased by 370~ 675 and253~ 409 kg/hm2,respectively,and the increased rate were 14.08%~ 25.68% and 21.12%~34.19%,respectively.(2)Magnesium fertilizer application and later spraying of magnesium further increased the yield and oil production ofrapeseed.Compared with waterspray,the yield and oil production of magnesium sprayed oilseed rape increased by 89~267 and 44~ 138 kg/hm2,respectively,and the increase rate were 2.74%~ 9.36% and 2.81%~9.56%,respectively. When the applied magnesium fertilizer was MgO 15 kg/hm2,the yield of rapeseed and oil production increasedbest,which were 266 and 138 kg/hm2,respectively.When the application of magnesium fertilizer exceeds MgO 30 kg/hm2,the effect ofmagnesium injection was not obvious.When the soil exchangeable magnesium content was between the lack and the potentiallack,the base application of MgO 30~ 45 kg/hm2 magnesium fertilizer can meet the magnesium nutrient requirements of theoilseed rape throughout the growing period;when the base magnesium fertilizer is MgO 15 kg/hm2,spraying magnesium atthe end of the period can help to achieve the besteffect.

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田贵生,陆志峰,任涛,鲁剑巍.镁肥基施及后期喷施对油菜产量与品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(5):85-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-10
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-02-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-30
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