添加生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中养分转化的研究
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(山西农业大学工学院,山西 太谷 030801)

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吴晓东(1991-),男,山西朔州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物质材料及应用。E-mail:2608767126@qq.com。

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基金项目:山西省留学回国人员科研活动择优资助项目(2018);山西省科研单位科研设备购置专项资助项目。


Nutrient transformation during chicken manure composting with biochar under aerobic conditions
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(Shanxi Agricultural University CollegeofEngineering,Shanxi Taigu030801)

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    摘要:

    为研究不同柠条生物炭添加量对鸡粪堆肥过程中养分转化的影响,以鸡粪和小麦秸秆粉为堆肥原材料,并添加质量分数为0%、3%、6%、9%、12% 和15% 的柠条生物炭进行好氧堆肥,并在堆肥第0、3、8、19、26、33 和40 d 取样测定各项指标。结果表明,与对照组CK 相比,添加柠条生物炭可以缩短堆肥升温期1~2 d,延长堆肥高温期的停留天数2~4 d,增加堆体的保水能力;而且有利于堆肥高温期氨气的吸附,减少氮素损失,提高堆肥质量。堆肥结束后,添加柠条生物炭可以使全氮质量分数提高5.59%~27.38%;无论是否添加生物炭,随着堆肥进行,各处理的全磷、全钾均迅速增加。在鸡粪麦秆堆肥中添加柠条生物炭可以加快堆肥进程,减少氨气的挥发损失。柠条生物炭是一种有效的堆肥添加剂,且适宜的柠条生物炭添加比例在9%~12% 之间。

    Abstract:

    To study the effects of different caragana biochar additions on nutrient conversion during chicken manurecomposting,chicken manure and wheat straw powder were used as compost raw materials,the aerobic compost was added with the0%,3%,6%,9%,12% and 15% caraganabiochar,and samples were took when composting for 0,3,8,19,26,33 and 40 daysand various indicators were measured.The results showed that compared with thecontrol,the addition of caragana biocharshortened the warming period of compost for 1~2days,prolonged the residence time of the compost in the high temperatureperiod for 2~4days,and increased the water retention capacity of theheap.The adsorption of ammonia in the high temperatureperiod of composting reduced nitrogen loss and improved compostquality.Aftercomposting,the addition of caragana biocharincreased the total nitrogen content by 5.59%~27.38%.Whether or not biochar was added,the total phosphorus and totalpotassium of each treatment increased rapidly withcomposting.Adding caragana biochar in chicken manure straw compost canspeed up the compostingprocess,facilitate the adsorption of ammonia and reduce nitrogenloss.Therefore,caragana biochar isan effective compostingadditive,and the suitable ratio of caragana biochar is between 9% and12%.

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吴晓东,邢泽炳,何远灵,张瑞卿,谷晓霞.添加生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程中养分转化的研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(5):141-146.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-29
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-01-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-30
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