农田黑土氮素转化特征对冻融作用的响应
作者:
作者单位:

(1.辽宁省农业科学院植物营养与环境资源研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161;2.常德市农业委员会,湖南 常德 415000)

作者简介:

隽英华(1979-),男,山东莒南人,研究员,博士,研究方向为作物施肥与土壤氮素转化的生物化学调控。E-mail:juanyong_001@sohu.com。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300702、2018YFD0300303);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLFC1807221);国家自然科学基金(41301253)。


Response of nitrogen transformation characteristics to freezing thawing cycles in the farmland black soil
Author:
Affiliation:

(1.Institute of Plant Nutrition and EnvironmentalResources,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning110161;2.Changde City Agriculture Committee,Changde Hunan415000)

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    摘要:

    为了深入了解非生长季农田黑土氮素转化过程,采用室内冻融模拟培养试验研究了不同冻融因子[冻融温度(冻结温度:-3、-6、-9、-12、-15℃;融化温度:2、5℃)、冻融循环次数(1、3、6、10、15;其中在 -3℃冻结 6 d、2℃融化 1 d为 1个冻融循环次数)、水分含量(10%、20%、30%)]对农田黑土无机氮组分含量及氮素转化速率的影响。结果表明,较大的冻融温差(-15℃ /2~ 5℃)、适宜的冻融循环次数(1~ 3)和水分含量(20%~ 30%)是影响农田黑土氮素转化的主要驱动因子。冻融土壤铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量、净氮矿化速率和硝化速率均随着冻结温度降低显著增加,均随着融化温度升高无显著性变化。随着冻融循环次数增加,冻融土壤铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量、净氮矿化速率和硝化速率均显著降低。随着水分含量增加,冻融土壤铵态氮含量显著增加,这与硝态氮的变化趋势相反,而净氮矿化速率和硝化速率均无显著性变化。可见,冻融作用显著促进非生长季农田黑土氮素转化,有利于土壤有效氮的累积。

    Abstract:

    In order to deeply understandnitrogen(N)transformation process of farmland black soil during non -growing season,with a laboratory simulation experiment,the effects of different freezing -thawing factors[freezing and thawing temperatures(freezingtemperature:-3,-6,-9,-12,-15 ℃;thawing temperature:2,5 ℃),freezing -thawing cycles(FTCs)number(1,3,6,10,15;FTCs number 1 consisted of freezing at -3℃ for 6 days and subsequently thawing at 2℃for 1day.),moistureregime(10%,20%,30%)]on the contents of inorganic N components and N transformation rate were investigated in the farmland black soil.The results showed that,the larger freezing -thawing temperaturerange(-15 ℃ /2~ 5℃)and the reasonable FTCs number(1~3)and moistureregime(20%~30%)werethe major driving factors affecting N transformation process of farmland black soil.The FTCs -treated soil ammonium N(NH4+-N)content,nitrateN(NO 3--N)content,net N mineralization rate and nitrifying rate all significantly increased with freezing temperature decreasing,and had no significant variations with thawing temperature increasing.With FTCs number increasing,the FTCs -treated soil NH4+-N content,NO 3--N content,net N mineralization rate and nitrifying rate all significantlydecreased.With moisture regimeincreasing,the FTCs -treated soil NH4+-N content significantly increased while the changes of NO3--N content wascontrary,and net N mineralization rate and nitrifying rate both had no significant variations.Therefore,it is preliminarily concluded that FTCs could significantly promote N transformation of farmland black soil during non-growingseason,and was beneficial to the accumulation of soil available N.

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隽英华,田路路,刘艳,孙文涛.农田黑土氮素转化特征对冻融作用的响应[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(6):38-43.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-10
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  • 录用日期:2019-03-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-12-25
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