膨润土-腐植酸与氮肥配施对科尔沁沙地土壤无机氮淋溶和生物有效性的影响
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(1.内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;2.内蒙古民族大学,内蒙古 通辽 028000)

作者简介:

郑毅(1984-),男,内蒙古通辽人,蒙古族,讲师,博士,主要从事土壤改良研究。E-mail:zhengyi152301@163.com。

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基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费:东北地区黑土保育有机质提升关键枝术研究与示范(201303126)。


The effects of bentonite-humic acid amendment and nitrogen application on soil inorganic nitrogen leaching and bioavailability in Horqin sandy soil
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(1.Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot InnerMongolia010019;2.Inner Mongolia University ForNationalities,Tongliao Inner Mongolia028000)

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    摘要:

    利用改进提取方法(温度由 25℃升至 60℃,振荡时间由 1 h提高至 2 h)和离子交换膜法,设置 3种改良剂水平和 3种氮肥水平,研究了膨润土 -腐植酸改良剂与氮肥配施对西辽河平原沙质土壤氮素淋溶和养分有效性的影响。结果表明,不施氮肥只施膨润土 -腐植酸改良剂对春玉米产量和土壤无机氮残留量无显著影响。20 t·hm-2膨润土 -腐植酸改良剂与 120 kg·hm -2氮肥配施效果最好,玉米籽粒产量和地上生物量分别提高了 19.1%和18.5%,土壤 NO 3--N残留量减少14.5%;施用 240 kg·hm -2氮肥不仅对玉米产量无显著影响,还增加了氮素淋溶的风险。在同一处理下,与标准提取方法相比,改进方法对土壤 NH 4+-N含量影响较小,还提高了土壤 NO -3-N提取量。施用膨润土 -腐植酸改良剂可吸附滞留在土壤中的 NO -3-N,这不仅降低淋溶风险,同时也降低生物有效性。20 t·hm -2膨润土 -腐植酸改良剂与 120 kg·hm -2氮肥配施是一种既能提高土壤氮素有效性又能减少氮素淋溶的最佳组合。

    Abstract:

    By using the modified extractionmethod temperature was increased from 25℃ to60℃,oscillation was extendedfrom 1 h to 2h and cation -exchange membrane method,three soil amendment application rates and three nitrogen dose combinations were set up to study their effects on sandy soil nitrogen leaching and bioavailability by combining addition of the bentonite-humic acid amendment and nitrogen in west Liaohe river plain.The results showed that,only addition of bentonite-humic acid amendment had no significant effect on maize yield and soil residual inorganicnitrogen.The combination of 20 t·hm-2 bentonite-humic acid amendment and 120 kg·hm-2 nitrogen showed the best improvement onmaize grainyield,above-ground biomass yield and soil NO 3--N residual,with an increase by 19.1% and 18.5% on maize grain yield and above-ground biomassyield,14.5% decrease on soil NO -3-N residual,respectively.However,addition of 240 kg·hm-2of nitrogen had no significant influence on maizeyield,but raised the risk of nitrogenleaching.Underthe same treatment,modified method showed little influence on soil NH 4+-N content,but increased soil NO -3-N contentcompared with standardmethod. Bentonite -humic acid amendment absorbed the NO3--N in thesoil,it not only reduced therisk of nitrogenleaching,but also decreased soilbioavailability.It indicated that the combination of 20 t·hm -2of bentonite-humic acid amendment and 120 kg·hm-2 of nitrogen is the best combination for increasing nitrogen availability and reducingnitrogenleaching.

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郑毅,李丰义,刘庭玉,刘景辉.膨润土-腐植酸与氮肥配施对科尔沁沙地土壤无机氮淋溶和生物有效性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(6):114-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-23
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-09-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-12-25
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