攀枝花芒果幼果黑心病与土壤理化性状相关性分析
作者:
作者单位:

(1.四川省攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川 攀枝花 617061;2.四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川 成都 610066;3.四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川 成都 611130)

作者简介:

潘宏兵(1982-),男,四川泸县人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为南亚热带果树栽培。E-mail:phb2308@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划——西南干旱河谷区生态综合治理及生态产业技术研发(2017YFC0505100);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川省南亚热作创新团队;芒果黑心病防治技术研究项目。


Correlation analysis of core browning of young mango fruits and soil physical-chemical properties in Panzhihua
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Affiliation:

(1.Panzhihua Academyof Agricultural and ForestrySciences,Panzhihua Sichuan617061;2.Horticulture ResearchInstitute,Sichuan Academyof Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan610066;3.Institute of Pomology and Olericulture Sichuan AgriculturalUniversity,Chengdu Sichuan611130)

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    摘要:

    为明确芒果幼果黑心病发生与土壤理化性状的关系,比较黑心和正常幼果矿质营养含量差异,调查幼果黑心病果园土壤 pH值和养分丰缺情况,并采用相关分析、逐步回归分析和通径分析方法,对发病果园的土壤 pH值、土壤养分和幼果黑心病率进行统计分析。结果表明:黑心病果的矿质养分氮、钾、磷、镁和锌含量均显著高于正常果,其他矿质元素含量差异不显著;不同黑心病果园土壤 pH值、养分的变异系数和丰缺差异较大,近半数果园土壤 pH值不适宜芒果生长,土壤有机质严重偏低、交换性镁和有效铁含量偏高;幼果黑心病率与土壤 pH值和有效硼显著负相关,与土壤碱解氮和有机质分别达显著和极显著正相关,与其他土壤养分差异不显著,筛选出 pH值(x 1)、有机质(x 2)、交换性镁(x 7)及有效硼(x 13),对幼果黑心病率(y)的最优回归方程达到极显著水平;土壤 pH值、交换性镁和有效硼对幼果黑心病率影响主要由其直接作用决定,有机质对幼果黑心病率的影响主要由其直接作用和通过 pH值间接作用决定。芒果园的土壤酸碱和个别养分丰缺导致幼果矿质元素含量失衡,进而引起幼果黑心病发生,建议通过改良种植土壤和幼果期叶面喷施硼肥等措施防治该病发生。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the relationship between core browning of young mango fruits and soil physical-chemicalproperties,the differences of mineral nutrient contents between core browning and normal young fruit were compared,andthe soil pH and nutrients of young mango fruit orchard infected core browning were investigated.Then,the correlationanalysis,stepwise regression analysis and path analysis methods were used to measure the relation between the core browningincidence of young fruit and the soil pH and nutrients.The results showed that the contents ofnitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium and zinc in core browning fruits were significantly higher than those in normal fruits,while thecontents of other mineral nutrients were notsignificant.The soil pH of different orchards infected core browning were quitedifferent,so did the variation coefficient and the abundance and deficiency of soil mineralnutrients.Nearly half of theorchard soils were not suitable for mango growth considering forpH,and their soil organic matter contents were seriouslylow,while exchangeable magnesium and available iron content werehigher.The core brown incidence of young fruits had notably negative relations with the soil pH and available boroncontent,and had obviously positive correlation with soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content and extremely significant positive correlation with soil organic mattercontent,while hadno significant correlations with other soil nutrients.The selected optimum regression equation of pH(x 1),organic matter(x2),exchangeable magnesium(x 7)and available boron(x 13)for core browning incidence(y)of young fruit reached avery significant level.The effects of soilpH,exchangeable magnesium and available boron on the core browning incidenceof young fruits were mainly determined by their directeffects,while the effect of organic matter on the incidence of corebrowning was determined by its direct effects and indirect effects throughpH.The strong acidity or alkalinity of soil pH and the abundance and deficiency of some soil mineral nutrients leaded to the imbalance of contents of mineral nutrient elementsin young fruits which caused the corebrowning.It is suggested that to control the disease by improving the soil and spraying the boron fertilizer on the leaf surface.

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潘宏兵,刘伟,罗玲,李贵利,李桂珍,王斌,杜邦.攀枝花芒果幼果黑心病与土壤理化性状相关性分析[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(2):116-122,158.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-28
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-06-28
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-05-07
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