控释含缩节胺氯化钾对棉花叶片生理及土壤钾素形态的影响
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(山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,临沂大学资源环境学院 /农林科学学院,山东 临沂 276000)

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于起庆(1997-),男,安徽人,本科,主要从事土壤养分循环工作。E-mail:531891294@qq.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金(42007091);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018PD001);中国博士后科学基金(2017M622120);山东省属高校优秀青年基金(ZR2017JL019)。


fraction of cotton
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(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection,College of Resourcesand Environment/Academy of Agricultural and ForestrySciences,LinyiUniversity,Linyi Shandong276000)

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    摘要:

    钾素是棉花必需的元素,缩节胺是控制棉株旺盛生长的重要调节剂,为减少钾素和缩节胺施用次数,实现两者在同一时空条件下的一体化调控,研究一次性施用控释含缩节胺氯化钾(CRKMC)对棉花叶片生理及土壤钾素形态的影响。试验设置空白对照、氯化钾、控释氯化钾、控释含缩节胺氯化钾、减量 20%的控释含缩节胺氯化钾处理。结果表明:CRKMC较 KCl处理显著提高盛花期叶绿素 b和可溶性蛋白含量,增强过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性,减少丙二醛产生量,但不同类型钾肥对叶绿素 a无显著影响;棉花生育期内,土壤水溶性钾呈下降趋势,速效钾和交换性钾呈动态波动变化,自盛花期以后,CRKMC处理各形态钾素较 KCl显著增加;等量施钾条件下,CRKMC较 KCl处理皮棉增加13.31%,钾素农学利用率提高 2.19 kg·kg -1,减少 20%钾素用量的CRKMC皮棉仍较 KCl增加 9.20%。因此,在棉花上一次基施 CRKMC可改善叶片生理特征,延缓叶片衰老,合理调节不同形态钾素供应,利于实现棉花轻简化和高产化栽培。

    Abstract:

    Potassium is an essential nutrient element of cotton,mepiquat chloride(MC)is an important regulator to control the vigorous growth of cotton plant. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of controlled-releasepotassium chloride containing mepiquatchloride(CRKMC)on leaf physiology and soil potassiumfraction,in order toreduce frequency application of potassium andMC,and also realize the integrated control of MC and K under the same time/space conditions. Five treatments were conducted with threereplicates:no Kfertilization,commonKCl,controlled -releaseKCl,CRKMC,CRKMC with reduced 20% K dosage. The results showedthat:CRKMC significantly increased the contentof chlorophyll b and solubleprotein,enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)andperoxidase(POD),reduced malondialdehydecontent,compared with KCl treatment.However,the types of K fertilizers had no significanteffect on chlorophyll a. During the growth period ofcotton,the water -soluble potassium in soil showed a decreased trend,the available potassium and exchangeable potassium showed trend with fluctuateddynamically,but the contents of differentfraction potassium of CRKMC significantly increased than KCl treatment. The lint yield of CRKMC increased by13.31%, Kagronomic use efficiency increased by 2.19 kg·kg-1,compared with KCl treatment at the same K dosage fertilization. Evenwith the reduced potassium by 20% ofCRKMC,the lint yield increased by 9.20% compared with KCl treatment.Therefore,the basal application of CRKMC improved the physiological characteristics ofleaves,delayed the senescence ofleaves,andadjusted different fraction of potassium,which was beneficial to realize the cultivation of cotton with light simplification and high yield.

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于起庆,耿计彪,杨玉坤,王嘉,于文勇,赵薇,刘前进,杨修一.控释含缩节胺氯化钾对棉花叶片生理及土壤钾素形态的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(6):147-153.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-09-20
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-10-13
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-21
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