外源钙对小白菜酶活性、钙含量及其产量和品质的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北 武汉 430064;2.武汉中农南方科技有限公司,湖北 武汉 430000;3.湖北省蔬菜办公室,湖北 武汉 445000)

作者简介:

袁伟玲(1977-),女,湖北随州人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为蔬菜富集栽培技术。E-mail:ywling2012@126.com。同为通讯作者。

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基金项目:

基金项目:湖北省重大专项“主要蔬菜绿色生产关键共性技术研究”(2019ABA111);武汉市第五批黄鹤英才计划项目“设施蔬菜高效生态健康种植示范与推广”;湖北省第二批现代农业产业技术体系“蔬菜减肥减药及提质增效技术研究与示范”项目。


Effects of exogenous CaCl2 on the enzyme activity,leaf calcium concentrations,yield and quality of cabbage
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(1.Institute of EconomicCrop,Hubei Academy of AgriculturalScience,Wuhan Hubei430064;2.Wuhan Zhongnong South Science and TechnologyCo.Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei430000;3.Vegetable Office of HubeiProvince,Wuhan Hubei445000)

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    摘要:

    为研究不同时期喷施不同浓度的外源钙对小白菜酶活性、钙含量及其产量和品质的变化规律,明确小白菜富集钙的最佳喷施量和最佳施用期,以苏州青、兔耳白、上海青为试验材料,采用田间试验,设置 6个供钙水平[清水对照(T 0)、50 mg/L CaCl 2(T1)、100 mg/L CaCl 2(T2)、150 mg/L CaCl 2(T3)、200 mg/L CaCl 2(T4), 250 mg/L CaCl2(T5)],在移栽 7、14、21 d叶面喷施,研究不同时期喷施不同浓度钙对小白菜酶活性、钙含量及其产量和品质的影响。结果表明:不同时期喷施不同浓度外源钙处理的小白菜,不同品种间过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)表现出显著差异水平,并且随着喷施钙浓度的增加,两种酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在 T 3处理中酶活性达最大,移栽后 14 d CAT和 POD活性分别比对照增加 79.33%和114.05%。随着钙浓度的增加,不同喷施时期、不同小白菜品种钙含量均表现出显著增加,且移栽 14 d喷钙对叶片的钙含量影响最大,移栽 7 d影响最小。不同品种同一时期钙含量为上海青 >苏州青 >兔耳白。叶面喷施钙可以提高小白菜 Vc、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸含量,降低叶片硝酸盐的含量,不同喷施时期不同品种小白菜 Vc、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸含量与对照相比均表现为 T 3处理增加最显著,最高增加了10.91%、3.94%和10.82%。移栽后 21 d兔耳白在钙处理 T 3时硝酸盐含量达到最低,比对照降低 9.09%。喷施不同浓度钙,显著提高小白菜钙含量,且随着钙浓度的增加表现出先增加后减少的趋势,T 3处理时达到最大。移栽 21 d,T 3处理上海青、兔耳白、苏州青产量与对照相比分别增加 4.86%、3.09%和 3.83%。因此,适量喷施外源钙可提高小白菜叶片酶活性,改善品质,增加产量。移栽 21 d喷施 150 mg/L CaCl 2为小白菜叶面喷施钙的最佳施用期和最佳施用量。

    Abstract:

    To explore the effect of different concentration of calcium on yield,quality,enzyme activity and leaf calciumcontent of pakchoi in different growthstages,and to determine the optimal application amount and period of exogenouscalcium in pakchoi,using Suzhou Green,Rabbit Ear White and Shanghai Green as experimental materials,six calciumsupply levels[water control(T 0),50 mg/L CaCl 2(T1),100 mg/L CaCl 2(T2),150 mg/L CaCl 2(T3),200 mg/L CaCl 2(T4),250 mg/L CaCl 2(T5)]were sprayed on the leaves of pakchoi at7,14 and 21 days after transplanting in the fieldtest.The effects of different concentrations of calcium on enzyme activity,calcium content,yield and quality of pakchoiwerestudied.The results showed that there were significant differences incatalase(CAT)andperoxidase(POD)amongdifferent varieties of pakchoi treated with different concentrations of exogenous calcium in different periods,the activitiesof the two enzymes both increased first and then decreased with the increase of the spraying calciumconcentration,andthe enzyme activity reached the maximum in the T3treatment,and the CAT and POD activities increased by 79.33%and114.05%,respectively,compared with the control in 14 days aftertransplanting.With the increase of calciumconcentration,the content of calcium increased significantly in different spraying periods and varieties of pakchoi,and spraying calcium on the 14thday of transplanting had the greatest impact on the calcium content of the leaves,and the impact on the 7thday after transplanting was the least.At the same time,different varieties showed Shanghai Green>SuzhouGreen>Rabbit EarWhite.The content of V C,solublesugar,free amino acid in leaves of pakchoi could be increased byspraying calcium on the surface of leaves and nitratedecreased.Compared with thecontrol,the content of V C,soluble sugar and free amino acid in different varieties of pakchoi in different spraying periods increased the most in T3treatment,with thehighest increase of10.91%,3.94% and10.82%.After 21 days oftransplantation,the content of nitrate in T 3 of Rabbit EarWhite treated with calcium was thelowest,which was 9.09% lower than that of thecontrol.Spraying different concentrationsof calcium significantly increased the calcium content of pakchoi,and with the increase of calcium concentration showed atrend of increasing first and then decreasing,T 3treatment was the maximum.After 21 days of transplanting,the yield ofShanghaiGreen,Rabbit Ear White and Suzhou Green increased by4.86%,3.09% and3.83%,respectively.Appropriateapplication of exogenous calcium can improve the enzymeactivity,quality and yield of pakchoileaves.Spraying 150 mg/L CaCl2 after 21 days transplanting was the best application period and dosage for spraying calcium on the leaves of pakchoi.

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袁伟玲,陈磊夫,刘志雄,吴金平,袁尚勇.外源钙对小白菜酶活性、钙含量及其产量和品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(6):254-261.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-09
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  • 录用日期:2020-01-04
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-21
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