福建酸性红壤施用钙镁型土壤调理剂的效果研究
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(福建省上杭县土壤肥料技术站,福建 上杭 364200)

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张明来(1966-),男,福建龙岩上杭县人,高级农艺师,本科,主要研究土壤肥料与植物营养技术。E-mail: shtf3841023@

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基金项目:福建省耕地土壤酸化治理项目(2017-120)。


Effects of applying calcium-magnesium soil conditioner on acidic red soil in Fujian
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(Soil and Fertilizer Technology Station of Shanghang County,Shanghang Fujian 364200)

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    摘要:

    针对福建红壤酸化、土壤钙镁限制影响蔬菜栽培等问题。在大田条件下,研究了施用钙镁型土壤调理剂对土壤理化性状和花椰菜产量与商品品质的影响。结果表明:施用供试土壤调理剂为750~1500 kg/hm2,一个花椰菜生长季后土壤pH值为6.0~6.5,提高了0.4~0.7个单位,达到花椰菜生长发育的最适土壤酸碱度;土壤和花椰菜花球中钙、镁、磷等养分有效含量均显著提高,花椰菜集中成熟采收时间提早5 d,花球单重增加0.21~0.35 kg,一级花球占比率提高6.5~13.2个百分点,产量提高2880~5985 kg/hm2,增收6000~12863元/hm2。在福建酸性红壤地区,合理施用钙镁型土壤调理剂有良好效果,综合土壤理化性质,花椰菜生育期、产量和经济效益,上述土壤调理剂的施用量为1125~1500 kg/hm2较为合理,以1500 kg/hm2效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of acidification of red soil and restriction of calcium and magnesium on vegetable cultivation in Fujian,the effects of applying calcium-magnesium soil conditioner on physical and chemical properties of soil and yield and quality of cauliflower were studied under field conditions.The test results showed that the application of the tested soit conditioner was 750~1500 kg/hm2,and the soil pH after a cauliflower growing season was 6.0~6.5,which increased by 0.4~0.7 units to reach the optimal soil pH for the growth and development of cauliflower.Meanwhile the effective contents of Ca,Mg,P in the soil and cauliflower were significantly increased.the main harvest time was shortened for 5 days,weight of cauliflower single ball increased by 0.21 to 0.35 kg,proportion of primary cauliflower increased by 6.5~13.2 percentage point,yield of cauliflower increased by 2880~5985 kg/hm2 which with an income increasing of 6000~12863 yuan/hm2.In the acid red soil area of Fujian province,reasonable application of calcium-magnesium soil conditioner has good effects.Considering the physical and chemical properties of soil,the growth period,yield and economic benefits of cauliflower,the application amount of the above soil conditioner is 1125~1500 kg/hm2,which is more reasonable and 1500 kg/hm2 is the best.

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张明来.福建酸性红壤施用钙镁型土壤调理剂的效果研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,(2):283-288.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-01-03
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2020-02-29
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-05-17
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