干湿交替下氮肥施用对土壤有机氮库转化的影响
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作者单位:

(1.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北 武汉 430070;2.农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430070)

作者简介:

崔宏卓(1996-),硕士研究生,研究方向为现代施肥技术研究。E-mail:cuihongzhuo@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。

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基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200401)。


Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the transformation of soil organic nitrogen pool under alternating wet and dry conditions
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(1.College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan Hubei 430070;2.Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Conservation in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan Hubei 430070)

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    摘要:

    水旱轮作条件下频繁的干湿交替显著影响了土壤氮素转化。为了明确干湿交替下氮肥施用对土壤有机氮库转化的影响,采用室内培养的方法,研究模拟淹水、干旱、水改旱、旱改水条件下,氮肥施用对土壤有机氮库动态变化的影响,以期为水旱轮作体系氮肥合理施用提供理论支撑。结果表明,氮肥施用能够显著提高土壤酸解态总氮含量,不同水分条件下土壤酸解态总氮含量无明显差异,但对酸解态总氮各组分含量产生显著影响。模拟淹水条件下酸解态氮主要以酸解铵态氮和未知态氮形式存在,分配比例分别为40.2%和33.7%,而模拟旱地条件下主要以氨基酸态氮和未知态氮形式存在,分配比例占到了40.7%和31.5%。经水分条件转换后,各种水分条件下土壤酸解铵态氮和氨基酸态氮含量均出现降低,水改旱条件下土壤氨基糖态氮含量显著提高,而旱改水条件下未知态氮含量显著提高。在整个培养阶段,土壤铵态氮与酸解铵态氮存在极显著的正相关,具有相似的变化规律。综上所述,氮肥施用到水田初期有利于提高土壤铵态氮和酸解铵态氮含量,随后这两种氮组分逐渐分解转化,而氨基糖态氮含量逐渐提升,氨基糖态氮是水旱轮作体系中肥料氮素的重要“中

    Abstract:

    Under the condition of paddy-upland rotation,nitrogen transformations in soil are significantly influenced by frequent dry-wet alternations.In order to clarify the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on the transformation of soil organic nitrogen pool under alternating wet and dry conditions,indoor incubation method was used to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on the dynamic changes of soil organic nitrogen pool under simulated flooding,dry land,flooding converted to dry land and dry land converted to flooding conditions,with a view to provide theoretical support for optimum nitrogen fertilizer management in paddy-upland rotation.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer application significantly improved soil acid-hydrolyzable nitrogen content.There were no significant differences in soil acid-hydrolyzable nitrogen content under different soil moisture treatments,but it greatly influenced the component of soil acid-hydrolyzable nitrogen .Under simulated flooding conditions,soil acid-hydrolyzable nitrogen mainly existed in the form of hydrolyzable ammonium nitrogen and hydrolyzable unknown nitrogen,with the percentages of 40.2% and 33.7%,respectively;while it mainly existed in the form of amino acid nitrogen and hydrolyzable unknown nitrogen under simulated dry land conditions,with the percentages of 40.7% and 31.5%,respectively.After the conversion of soil moisture conditions,soil hydrolyzable ammonium nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen content gradually decreased under different soil moisture conditions.Soil amino sugar nitrogen content increased significantly when simulated flooding converted to dry land condition;while soil hydrolyzable unknown nitrogen content raised remarkably under simulated dry land converted to flooding conditions.Throughout the incubation period,there was a highly significantly positive correlation between soil ammonium nitrogen and hydrolyzable ammonium nitrogen,with similar rules of variation.In conclusion,the initial application of nitrogen fertilizer to paddy field was beneficial to increase soil ammonium nitrogen and hydrolyzable ammonium nitrogen content,and with the gradual decomposition and transformation of these two nitrogen components,soil amino sugar nitrogen content gradually increased.Amino sugar nitrogen serves as an important “transit pool” for nitrogen fertilizer in paddy-upland rotation system.

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崔宏卓,廖世鹏,张洋洋,李小坤,丛日环,任涛,鲁剑巍.干湿交替下氮肥施用对土壤有机氮库转化的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(6):39-47.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-02
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2021-04-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-08-08
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