不同杂草防控模式对茶叶产量品质、土壤肥力及土壤酶活性的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院,贵州 贵阳 550005;2.贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006;3.贵州理工学院,贵州 贵阳 550003;4.贵州省农业科学院生物技术研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006)

作者简介:

刘声传(1981-),副研究员,博士,研究方向为茶树育种栽培。E-mail:gtscliu@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31760227);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2380号);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2019]097);贵州理工学院高层次人才科研启动经费项目(XJGC20190922);贵阳学院博士科研启动基金(0203033003014)。


Effects of different weed control treatments on tea yield and quality,soil fertility and enzyme activity
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Affiliation:

(1.School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Guiyang University,Guiyang Guizhou 550005;2.Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang Guizhou 550006;3.Guizhou Institute of Technology,Guiyang Guizhou 550003;4.Institute of Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang Guizhou 550006)

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    摘要:

    探究茶园不同杂草防控模式的效果,寻找成本低、效果好、无污染的措施,为茶园杂草绿色高效防控提供理论支撑。于2019~2020年在同一幼龄茶园设置清耕(CK)、间作‘茶肥1号’(T1)、防草布覆盖(T2)和黑色地膜覆盖(T3)试验,测定4个处理的杂草生物量、茶叶产量、茶叶品质成分、土壤理化性状、土壤酶活性,并比较分析经济效率。结果表明,杂草生物量为CK>T3>T1>T2,CK显著高于其他处理。各处理间茶叶产量、品质成分无显著差异,T1产量、酚氨比略低于其他处理。T1、T2、T3的土壤湿度分别为76.5%、78.2%、63.8%,显著高于CK(49.8%)。T2的土壤pH值比CK低7.3%。T1可提高土壤肥力,T2、T3可降低土壤水解性氮、有效磷含量。土壤淀粉酶活性为T3>T1>CK>T2,T2显著低于其他处理;土壤多酚氧化酶活性为T1>CK>T2>T3,各处理间差异显著。T1、T2、T3的过氧化氢酶活性分别比CK低3.1%、2.8%、4.9%。T1的土壤酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于CK,T2、T3的土壤酸性磷酸酶活性略低于CK。T2的根际(T2R)、防草布边缘(T2WCE)和大行中间(T2MBL)的土壤多酚氧化酶活性分别为29.28、57.60和17.16 mg·g-1·24 h-1。T2WCE的土壤过氧化氢酶活性,显著高于T2R、T2MBL。T2MBL的土壤脲酶活性,显著低于T2R、T2WCE。T2MBL硝酸还原酶活性显著高于T2R、T2WCE。T1、T2、T3每年每公顷总成本分别为CK的79.5%、62.6%、58.3%。可见,T2的综合效果最好,但存在有机碳、磷等元素分解相关酶的活性降低,以及反硝化作用增强等问题,还需优化完善。

    Abstract:

    Effects of different weed control treatments in tea garden were studied to find out an approach of low cost,good effect,non-pollution to deal with weeds,and provide theoretical support for green and efficient weed control.Four treatments were carried out in the same young tea garden from 2019 to 2020,including clean tillage(CK),intercropping with‘ Chafei No.1’(T1),weed barrier fabric(T2)and black plastic film(T3).Weed biomass,tea yield,tea quality composition,soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activity in four treatments were monitored,and economic profits were compared and analyzed.The result that the amount of weed biomass was CK>T3>T1>T2,and CK was significantly higher than other treatments.No significant differences in tea yield and quality composition among four treatments were observed.Yield and phenol ammonia ratio in T1 were slightly lower than other treatments.Soil moisture for T1,T2 and T3 was 76.5%,78.2% and 63.8%,respectively,and was significantly higher than that for CK(49.8%).Soil pH of T2 was 7.3% lower than that of CK.T1 could improve soil fertility,while T2 and T3 may reduce soil hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus content.Soil amylase activity was T3>T1>CK>T2,and T2 was significantly lower than other treatments.Soil polyphenol oxidase was T1>CK>T2>T3,and there were significant differences among the treatments.Catalase activities in T1,T2 and T3 was 3.1%,2.8% and 4.9% lower than that in CK,respectively.Soil acid phosphatase activity in T1 was significantly higher than that in CK.Soil acid phosphatase activity of T2 and T3 was slightly lower than that of CK.Soil polyphenol oxidase activity in rhizosphere(T2R),weed cloth edge(T2WCE)and middle of the big lines(T2MBL)of T2 was 29.28,57.60 and 17.16 mg·g-1· 24 h-1,respectively.Soil catalase activity of T2WCE was significantly higher than that of T2R and T2MBL.Soil urease activity for T2MBL was significantly lower than that for T2R and T2WCE.Soil nitrate reductase activity in T2MBL was significantly higher than that in T2R and T2WCE.The total annual cost per hectare in T1,T2 and T3 was 79.5%,62.6% and 58.3% of CK,respectively.Our data suggested that T2 had the best overall effect,but there are still some problems to be solved,such as the decreasing of activity of related enzymes involved in the decomposition of organic carbon,phosphorus and other elements,and the promoting of denitrification.

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刘声传,马林红,贺圣凌,陈智雄,林长松,鄢东海,徐霖.不同杂草防控模式对茶叶产量品质、土壤肥力及土壤酶活性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2022,(7):170-177.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-07
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2021-05-30
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-15
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