This paper probes into changes of orchard soil fertility in time and space in red earth region of Guangxi province, and orchard soil fertility were evaluated by mathematical statistic software-SPSS. Results showed that orchard soil fertility in red earth region of Guangxi province degenerated; especially West of Guangxi degenerated most of all. Which was mainly expressed that the orchard soil acidified generally, acid and strong acid orchard were 81% of total investigated; The organic matter of orchard soil decreased generally, especially the west of Guangxi province, the organic matter decreased most of all, it was 51.46%. It's a task of top priority in fruit production of Guangxi province to prevent orchard soil degradation.