The study adopted plot experiment to observe the physical and chemical characteristics,ecological and economical benefits of wetland rice-duck-loach complex ecosystem.The results showed,compared with CK,the soil physical and chemical characteristics was better: Soil bulk density decreased 0.024 g/cm3,>0.25 mm soil aggregate increased 3.37%.The soil nutrients were increased,especially,available K increased 19.01 mg/kg obviously.Because of mutual benefits of rice-duck-loach,the environment of paddy field was improved,so high economical,ecological and social benefits could be obtained together.