This paper made clear that the status of albic soil nutrition supplying and the effect of balanced fertilization on rice in the soil by means of soil testing,field experiment and quality analysis.The results showed that 98.4 percent of the soil was deficient in nitrogen;76.6 percent was deficient in phosphorus;97.7 percent was deficient in potassium;72.7 percent was deficient in zinc and 35.9 percent was deficient in boron.Without nitrogen fertilizer application compared with the optimum treatment(OPT) the yield of rice decreased by 26.2%;without phosphorus fertilizer application the yield decreased by 12.1%;without potassium fertilizer application the yield decreased by 10.3%;without zinc fertilizer application the yield decreased by 24.2%;no fertilizer application(CK)the yield decreased by 39.9%.Compared the treatment of OPT with the treatments of nitrogen absent,phosphorous absent,potassium absent,zinc absent,boron absent and CK,the benefits were decreased by 3936,1815,1527,4071,887 and 5683 yuan/hm2,respectively.Compared OPT with the farmers' practice(FP),the yield increased by 20.3%,the economic benefits was increased by 3294 yuan/hm2,the coarse protein content in rice increased by 0.13 percentage,the content of amylase in rice was decreased by 0.84 percentage,the gel consistency in rice was increased by 1.7 mm and those changing indexes were positive to improve rice quality.