A typical saline soil of Ningxia was selected to study the vertical distribution characteristics of soil salinity,pH,and ESP,and a statistical analysis of the correlation between soil salt content and salt ions was carried out.Results showed that major ions of the study area were SO24,Cl,Na+,and Ca2+.Soil type of 0~40 cm soil layer was chloridesulfate type,but that of 40~100 cm soil layer was contrary.Correlation analysis showed that soil salt content in 0~40 cm soil layer had maximal relationship with SO24 content,followed by Mg2+content,while that in 40~100 cm soil layer was with the content of Cland Na+,followed by SO24 content.Clcontent showed an extremely significantly positive correlation with Na+ content,and correlation coefficient in each soil layer was greater than 097SO24content had very significantly positive correlation with Ca2+ content in 0~40 cm soil layer,Clcontent in 40~60 cm soil layer,and Na+ content in 60~100 cm soil layer.The principal component analysis results showed that SO24,Mg2+,Cl,Na+,Ca2+ could be used as characteristic factor of soil salinization condition in the study area.