有机肥种类对土壤有效磷累积量的影响及其流失风险
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国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD05B03);农业生态环境保护项目(2010,2011);科技基础性工作专项(2006FY120200);广西农科院科技发展基金(2006021)


Effects of manure type on available P accumulation in soil and its loss risk
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    摘要:

    为研究不同有机肥种类对土壤有效磷累积量的影响,采用鸡粪、猪粪、牛粪3种有机肥,于2008~2009年间在河北省廊坊进行了大田试验。结果表明:在总磷量相同条件下施入不同种类有机肥,耕层土壤中水溶性磷和有效磷含量显著不同。施入牛粪、鸡粪、猪粪的土壤0~5 cm土层中土壤水溶性磷分别为15.64、12.06、9.95 mg/kg,有效磷含量分别为91.87、73.47、65.26 mg/kg;综合0~20 cm土层,施入牛粪、鸡粪、猪粪的土壤水溶性磷分别为6.42、4.84、4.41 mg/kg,有效磷含量分别为47.60、35.50、35.14 mg/kg。表现出有机肥中有效磷含量高则表层土壤中水溶性磷和有效磷含量也高。由于表层土壤的高量水溶性磷和易溶性磷在降雨条件下易于造成农田磷素流失,在确定环境友好的有机肥施用量时,不仅要考虑有机肥带入的总磷量,还要重视有机肥中有效磷含量对农田表层土壤水溶性磷和易溶性磷富集的影响。

    Abstract:

    In order to research the effects of manure type on available P accumulation in soil,a manure experiment was carried out in Langfang,Hebei province between 2008 and 2009,which adopted manure of chicken,swine and cattle.The results showed that the content of water soluble P and Olsen P in tilth soil changed with different manure,on condition of the same manure total P application rate.Applying manure of cattle,chicken,and swine,the content of water soluble P in 0~5 cm soil layer was respectively 15.64 mg/kg,12.06 mg/kg,9.95 mg/kg,and the content of Olsen P was respectively 91.87 mg/kg,73.47 mg/kg,65.26 mg/kg;The content of water soluble P in 0~20 cm soil layer was respectively 6.42 mg/kg,484 mg/kg,4.41 mg/kg,and the content of Olsen P was respectively 47.60 mg/kg,35.50 mg/kg,35.14 mg/kg.It suggested the content of water soluble P and Olsen P in tilth soil layer could be increased by the improvement of Olsen P of manure.Because of the large accumulation of water soluble P and Olsen P in surface soil with heavy or prolonged rainfall could increase the P loss from farmland,so when determine the environment friendly application rate of manure,more attention should be paid not only the amount of total P in manure,but also the effect of the amount of Olsen P in manure to the large accumulation of water soluble P and Olsen P in surface soil.

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朱晓晖,杜晓玉,张维理*.有机肥种类对土壤有效磷累积量的影响及其流失风险[J].中国土壤与肥料,2013,(5):14-18.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-01-17
  • 最后修改日期:2013-03-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-10-24
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