The yield response to N,P and K fertilizers and nutrient balance in the rotation system of peanut and spring maize were investigated to determine the reasonable fertilization rates in eastern Hebei province.Field fertilizer experiment was conducted to study the impact of N,P and K fertilization on the growth and yield of spring maize and peanut.It was found that the yields of peanut and maize for NPK treatment were 4 799 and 8 762 kg·hm-2 respectively.While the treatments without N,P or K application had significantly lower yields,ie 80.7%,80.8%,75.9% in peanut and 83.1%,84.7%,89.5% in maize compared to the NPK treatment.The order of limiting nutrient factors were K＞N,P in peanut,and N,P＞K in spring maize.In addition,the N,P and K in NPK treatment surpluses and the N,P and K balance in the half N,P and K application rate treatment were obtained.It was concluded that N and P fertilizer mainly affected the yield through influencing the vegetation growth of peanut and maize,while K fertilizer affected yield through reproductive growth instead.The order of relative contribution of N,P and K fertilization to a yield also differed,ie.K>N,P in peanut,and N,P>K in spring maize.