The effects of collecting rainwater by furrows with plastic mulch and water and fertilizer coupling on the growth or yield of chili at dry period were studied in southeast mountains areas of Guiyzhou province with field trials.The results showed that,on the basis of applying organic fertilizer,the plant height,number of fruits per plant and weight of per hundred fruits of chili were significantly increased under the condition of collecting rainwater by furrows with plastic mulch,and the yield of chili increased by an average of 49.9%,which was higher than applying more organic fertilizer.The plant height,number of fruits per plant and weight per hundred fruits of chili were also obviously increased under the condition of irrigation at dry period,the yield of chili were raised 7.8% and 17.8% respectively and soil moisture was enhanced by 10.00% and 16.92% respectively on the conditions of several irrigation or drip irrigation.Therefore,collecting rainwater by furrows with plastic mulch and irrigating at dry period were main measures for planting good quality of chili.