In this study the distribution of horizontal and vertical direction root and nutrients in loam and sandy loam soil during various cotton planting periods were investigated.The results indicated that cotton root system had been constructed before the first watering,which was well horizontal distributed and distributed vertically most in 3~20 cm soil layer,it could reach 40 cm soil layer in loose soil.The distributions of root and base fertilizer were click and so fertilizer could be used effectively.The general rules of vertical distribution of cotton nutrient in each growth showed that the distributions of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in 0~30 cm were similar and the highest,and getting slightly lower in 30~40 cm soil,which was a transition layer.Below 40 cm soil nutrient the contents of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were very low.The difference between the 0~30 cm layer and 40~60 cm layer of nutrient was significant.Differences in soil nutrient contents in normal direction of dripirrigation were not significant.After fertilization with drip irrigation,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in 0~30 cm soil were significantly increased,which provided nutrients for cotton growth and maintained the soil nutrient level.