淮北地区缓释尿素对小麦生长、氮肥利用及土壤硝态氮的影响
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公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003、201303103);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队(13C1008);安徽省科技厅项目(1406c085025)。


Effects of slowreleased urea application on growth,nitrogen use efficiency and soil NO-3N content of wheat in Huaibei region
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    摘要:

    通过田间小区试验,研究了淮北地区缓释尿素与普通尿素配施对小麦生长发育、产量、氮肥利用率及土壤硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,缓释尿素与普通尿素按氮素量2∶1配施(SRU2),小麦产量和氮肥利用率均最高。与农民习惯处理(N 250 kg/hm2)比较,缓释尿素处理(SRU1、SRU2和SRU3)减少氮用量70 kg/hm2,小麦产量差异不大,但显著提高了氮肥利用率和农学利用率,增幅分别达43.71%~91.98%和25.58%~43.71%。等氮肥用量条件下,与尿素一次性全量基施(SRU4)比较,缓释尿素处理显著提高了小麦成熟期地上部干物质和氮素积累及氮肥利用率。在扬花期,农民习惯处理和优化氮素处理30~60 cm土壤硝态氮淋失趋势明显;缓释尿素处理土壤硝态氮积累不明显。

    Abstract:

    The effect of nitrogen(N)managements of conventional,optimized and different mixture ratios of slow released urea(SRU)to urea(U)on growth,yield,N use efficiency and soil NO-3N content of wheat was investigated via field experiments in Huaibei region.The highest yield and N use efficiency of wheat was under the treatment of SRU2(ratio of SRU to urea was 2∶1).Compared to the treatment of conventional N managements with the N 250 kg/hm2 application rate,yield showed no obvious differences,but N recovery efficiency and N agronomy use efficiency were significantly higher under the treatments of SRU(SRU1,SRU2,SRU3)at the N application rate of 180 kg/hm2,which increased by 43.71%~91.98% and 25.58%~43.71% respectively.Compared to the treatments of all urea used as base fertilizer(SRU4),the treatments of SRU significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter,N content,N recovery efficiency.In the flowering period,soil NO-3N content in 30~60 cm soil layer was high under the treatment of N managements of conventional and optimized.While the accumulation of soil NO-3N under the treatments of SRU showed no significant change during the growth period of wheat.

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袁嫚嫚,邬刚,孙义祥.淮北地区缓释尿素对小麦生长、氮肥利用及土壤硝态氮的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015,(3):29-33.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-05-23
  • 最后修改日期:2014-07-31
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-06-24
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