施用Fe、Zn对山地梨枣生长及品质的影响
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陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2014KTCG01-03);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B04)。


Effects of iron,zinc fertilizers on growth and quality of pearjujube in the loess plateau
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    摘要:

    采用野外试验与室内分析相结合,以10年生黄土丘陵区梨枣(Zizyphus jujube Mill. cv. Lizao)为研究对象,在基施N、P的基础上,研究了根施和叶面喷施Fe、Zn肥对梨枣生长及品质的影响。结果表明:各施肥处理中 LG(0.6%FeSO4+ 0.3%ZnSO4 + N、P基肥)的新梢增加量、SPAD值、百叶重和叶面积最大,分别较CK提高了44.3%、18.8%、60.1%和75.1%;Fe、Zn喷施不同程度地提高了梨枣座果率、单果重和产量;LG处理的单果重、座果率、产量最高,分别较CK提高了43.5%、11.2%和81.8%;Fe、Zn处理的糖、可溶性固形物、固酸比、Vc和总黄酮含量等指标均不同程度地提高,可滴定酸的含量以 LG最低,为0.85%,较CK降低了0.43%;单施Fe、Zn后,果实中Fe、Zn含量显著提高。因此,在黄土丘陵区施用Fe、Zn肥可有效促进梨枣的生长发育,提高产量,并显著改善果实品质,以LG处理的效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    To study the effects of iron and zinc fertilizers on growth and quality of pear-jujube,field experiment combined with laboratory analysis was used,and pear-jujube in loess hilly-gully mountains was selected as experimental materials.The results showed that the length of shoots,leaf weight,leaf area of treatment of LGs(0.6%+0.3% FeSO4,ZnSO4+N,P basal)were the largest,increased by 44.3%,18.8%,60.1% and 75.1% respectively compared with CK.Iron and/or zinc spraying had improved fruit setting rate,fruit weight and yield in different degrees.The fruit weight,fruit setting rate,yield in treatment LG were the highest among all the treatments,and increased by 43.5%,11.2% and 81.8%respectively compared with CK.The contents of sugar,soluble solids,solid acid ratio,Vc and total flavonoids were increased in different degrees in iron and zinc treatments.TA content of LG was 0.85%,decreased by 0.43% compared with CK.Iron and zinc fertilization significantly improved iron and zinc content in fruit.Thus iron and zinc fertilization could effectively promote the growth of pear-jujube,yield,and fruit quality.In a word,LG was the best treatment in this experiment.

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牛惠杰,徐福利,王渭玲*,林云,叶胜兰.施用Fe、Zn对山地梨枣生长及品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015,(3):55-61.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-05-15
  • 最后修改日期:2014-09-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-06-24
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