A large amounts of summer maize straw residues were produced every year in North China Plain，where winter wheat and summer maize were rotated within a year，iewinter wheat was grown during OctoberJune，followed by summer maize during JuneSeptember.During the recent decades，Maize cob was harvested and the straw residues was mechanically smashed and simultaneously incorporated into the soil before growing winter wheat.However，it is difficult for the maize straw residues to decompose quickly as the weather turned cold soon after late October.The straw residues adversely influenced the seedling and growth of winter wheat in fleld.By combining of laboratory and field experiments for two consecutive years，in this study，the effects of nine agents used in North China Plain and the influence facters of quickly decomposion for summer maize straw residues was examined.Besides of decomposition agents for straw residues，the results showed that soil was the main carrier for decomposing maize straw residues.The decomposing rate of maize straw residues improved 45% in soil than that of without soil，and increased 1.1 to 1.3 percentage points in aerobic condition than anaerobic condition on maize straw residues decomposition.When the agent E（one of the nine agents，is the most efficient decomposer for summer maize straw residues）was applied at 37.5 kg/hm2，the decomposition rate was 23.6% and 33.1% after maize straw was returned to field 4 weeks and 8 weeks，respectively，and increased by 14 and 17.4 percentage points than that of the control，which with no decomposing agent.When agent E was added，maize straw residues were decomposed 87.1%~88.4% at the stage of harvest wheat，and 94%~99% at the stage of harvest of summer maize for next season，which was almost a whole year later.Compared with the control of without decomposing agent，adding the agent E increased wheat germination rate by 9.7%，improved the numbers of effective tiller by 19.5%.Whereas，it decreased the death rate of seedlings resulted from frozen damage by 1.64 percentage points.Besides，the agent E increased by 0.8 cm，0.25 mm and 1.3 gram in whe.5%，and summer maize by 5.7%~10.1% after continuously applied to soil for two years，which was worthy for applying in North China Plain for decomposing maize straw residues.