不同农业管理措施对华北地区麦田温室气体排放的影响
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农业公益性行业科研专项经费项目“农业源温室气体监测与控制技术研究”(201103039);山东省科技发展计划“山东省农田温室气体排放评估与减排技术研究”(2013GNC11204);山东省自然科学基金“设施菜地土壤N2O排放规律及其产生机理研究”(ZR2013DQ023);中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目“中国粮食主产区农田固碳减排技术筛选与示范”(1214012)。


Effects of greenhouse gas emission under different agricultural management practices in wheat field in the North China Plain
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    摘要:

    利用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对华北地区4种农业管理措施下的小麦农田生态系统温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)的排放通量进行了观测,并对其综合增温潜势进行了估算。结果表明,麦季农田土壤是N2O和CO2的排放源,CH4的吸收汇。与秸秆不还田(SN)相比,秸秆还田(SR)显著提高了CO2和N2O的排放量,但增加了CH4的吸收量。通过施用新型肥料(SRC)或采用氮肥条施(SRR)的施肥方式,可以降低22.4%~35.5%的N2O排放量,并增加9.3%~44.2%的CH4吸收量。尤其是SRR可以抵消由于秸秆还田引起的N2O增排。4种管理措施下的麦田是大气总温室气体的吸收汇,在秸秆还田基础上施用新型氮肥品种或采用氮肥条施的施肥方式,能够达到温室气体减排,且增产增效的效果。

    Abstract:

    Based on experiments with four agricultural management practices,CO2,CH4 and N2O fluxes during wheat growing seasons in the North China Plain were monitored using the static chamber method and the gas chromatographic technique.Total greenhouse gas emissions and GWP were estimated accordingly.The results indicated that the wheat field was the sources of CO2 and N2O,but the sink of CH4.Compared with the nostraw returning(SN),straw returning(SR)significantly enhanced the emission of CO2,N2O and the absorption of CH4 by 7.9%,48.6%,16.2%,respectively.Using new type fertilizer(SRC)or nitrogen drilling(SRR)enhanced the absorption of CH4 by 9.3%~44.2%,but decreased the emission of N2O by 22.4%~35.5%.SRR offset the increase emission of N2O caused by straw returning.The wheat field under four management practices was the absorption sink for the atmospheric greenhouse gases.Using new type fertilizer or nitrogen drilling under the base of straw returning could be helpful for greenhouse gas mitigation and the increase of wheat yield and efficiency.

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徐钰,刘兆辉,朱国梁,李欣,谭德水,石璟,江丽华*.不同农业管理措施对华北地区麦田温室气体排放的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2016,(2):7-13.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-02-26
  • 最后修改日期:2015-04-29
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-29
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