To explore an efficient measure to ameliorate soil in tobacco field in southern Shaanxi province,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vermicompost on soil bulk density,potassium nutrition of soil and tobacco leaves as well as the agronomic traits and economic traits of fluecured tobacco using Yunyan 99 as materials.The results showed that soil bulk density reduced,soil available potassium and potassium content of fresh and baked tobacco leaves at mature stage increased as well as the agronomic traits improved under the band and cave fertilization methods conditions with different dosages of vermicompost.In addition,yield and output value as well as the ratio of upper tobacco were increased significantly.The above results showed that the dosage of 1 500 kg/hm2 and cave fertilization method were the best.Therefore,vermicompostnot only effectively improved soil structure and potassium nutrition,but also improved the fluecured tobacco yield and economic benefits and providedthe optimum amount and fertilization methods for tobacco field of southern Shaanxi province.