This paper reviewed the current situation of yield and fertilization in yam production and its problems in Hebei province.The results showed that the average production of yam in Hebei was 52.4 t/hm2,56.7% of which came from highyield households.The total inputs of N,P2O5 and K2O were 884,759 and 943 kg/hm2,respectively,among which the chemical fertilizer inputs were 560,630 and 720 kg/hm2 ,respectively.According to the levels of nutrients,the ratio of excessive inputs of chemical fertilizer N,P2O5 and K2O rates among all the households reached 90.0%,98.3% and 96.7%,the insufficient ratio were 5.0%,0.0% and 3.3% ,and the reasonable proportions were only 5.0%,1.7% and 0.0%,respectively.The yield loss due to the irrational use of chemical fertilizer N,P2O5，K2O and organic fertilizer accounted for 2.63%,2.92%,4.34% and 2.26% of the highest production,respectively.