有机无机氮肥配施对菜地土壤二氧化碳和甲烷排放的影响
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作者单位:

(1.湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南 长沙 410128;2.长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南 长沙 410004;3.湖南省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,湖南 长沙 410125)

作者简介:

汤桂容(1978-),女,湖南攸县人,博士研究生,讲师,主要从事植物营养与施肥研究。E-mail:zhouxuan_123@126.com。

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基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2018YFD0800500);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2016JC2030)。


Effects of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on soil carbon dioxide and methane emissions of lettuce(Lactuca ativa L.)
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(1.College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha Hunan 410128;2.Changsha Vocational Technical Institute of Environmental Protection,Changsha Hunan 410004;3.Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha Hunan 410125)

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    采用静态箱—气相色谱法研究不同种类有机无机肥料配合施用对盆栽莴苣土壤二氧化碳(CO2)和甲烷(CH4)排放规律及排放量的影响。以等氮(N)用量为基准,磷(P)、钾(K)用量相应折算,分别以猪粪、沼渣沼液、猪粪堆肥与化肥进行配施,且各处理N、P、K总施用量一致。共设置6个处理:不施肥(CK);不施氮肥(PK);施纯化肥(NPK);有机无机肥配施1(20%猪粪N+80%化肥N,NPKM1);有机无机肥配施2(20%沼渣沼液N+80%化肥N,NPKM2);有机无机肥配施3(20%猪粪堆肥N+80%化肥N,NPKM3)。结果表明:莴苣全生育期内土壤CH4排放各处理呈现“源”、“汇”交替现象,各时间测点排放通量在每次施肥后均呈现升降波动趋势,直至总体趋于平稳;各阶段排放累积量随着生育期的变化,处理间差异逐渐明显。莴苣盆栽土壤CH4累积排放量为-5.90~-0.42 kg·hm-2,大小表现为CK=PK>NPK>NPKM3>

    Abstract:

    The objective of this study was conducted to investigate the effects of different organic and inorganic nitrogen(N)fertilizer applications on soil carbon dioxide(CO2)and methane(CH4)emissions of lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)by static box-gas chromatographic method using pot experiment.Applying N as a standard,pig manure,biogas manure and pig manure composting were combined with chemical fertilizers in the same total N,phosphorus(P),potassium(K)contents. There were six treatments,including no fertilizer(CK),no N fertilizer(PK),pure inorganic fertilizer(NPK),organic and inorganic fertilizer 1(20% pig manure N+80% chemical fertilizer N,NPKM1),organic and inorganic fertilizer 2(20% biogas manure N+80% chemical fertilizer N,NPKM2),organic and inorganic fertilizer 3(20% pig manure composting N+80% chemical fertilizer N,NPKM3).Results showed that soil CH4 emission flux during lettuce growing season appeared an alternate phenomenon of ‘source’ and ‘sink’ for each treatment.The emission fluxes at each time fluctuated after fertilization,until the overall trend was stable.With the change of the growth period, the difference between treatments was obvious.The soil CH4 accumulation emission fluxes of lettuce were -5.90~-0.42 kg·hm-2,ranked as CK=PK>NPK>NPKM3>NPKM1>NPKM2.Soil CO2 emission fluxes during lettuce growing season presented a trend of rising in general,slightly influenced by fertilization.The soil CO2 accumulation emission fluxes of lettuce were 1 506.37~2 260.58 kg·hm-2,in the order of NPKM3>NPKM1>NPK>NPKM2>PK>CK. The variances of CH4 and CO2 accumulation emissions gradually increased along with the growth period.The soil global warming potential of lettuce were 1.50~2.23 t CO2eq·hm-2,in the order of NPKM3>NPKM1>NPK>NPKM2>PK>CK.In conclusion,different organic and inorganic N fertilizer applications showed a CH4 sink in the vegetable soil,especially in combined application of biogas manure,but pig manure fertilization resulted in the increase of global warming potential.

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汤桂容,周旋,田昌,彭辉辉,张玉平,荣湘民.有机无机氮肥配施对菜地土壤二氧化碳和甲烷排放的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2019,(3):29-35.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-06-29
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2018-12-12
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-06-26
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