This paper determined the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer for rice production to provide a reference forreasonable application of ricepotassium(K)fertilizer in Ningxia Yellow Irrigation Area. The rice variety Jie No. 3 was usedas the test material，and a single factor random group design experiment was conducted to examine the impact of K applicationrates(0，30，60，90 and 120 kg/hm²)on grainyield，distribution proportion of potassium in maturestage，utilizationefficiency of potassium fertilizer and the balance of soil potassium. Results showedthat，compare with the no application ofK，all treatments with K application significantly increased the yield of full grain and straw inrice，the increase rates were10.0%，16.9% and19.0%，8.3%，at the sametime，the production of empty grain was reduced by 15.9% and34.7%， respectively. There is a significant quadratic curve relationship between the amount of potassium fertilizer and rice grain yield.In 2013 and2014，the maximum yield of potassium application was129.6，122.5 kg/hm²，the best economic yield of K was110.7，111.4 kg/hm²，respectively. More than 80% of potassium was distributed in straw at maturity stage ofrice，in solidgrains there was 13.2%～ 15.5% or 14.0%～ 17.6% for different years，and less than 3% distributed in empty grain. The trend of potassium accumulation in rice full grains was similar in the two years. The highest potassium accumulation occurred in K120treatment，which was 13.9% and 50% higher than that in control. The accumulation of potassium in empty grainsdecreased with the increase of potassium fertilizer，which was significantly different with the control. The accumulation of potassium in aboveground parts of rice was the highest in K90treatment for both the twoyears，which was 22.5% and 20.2% higher than that of control. The potassium fertilizer use efficiency of rice ranged from 28.6%～46.0%，16.6%～46.3%， and was the highest in K90 treatment in two years. Partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of potassium fertilizer in rice decreased with the increase of potassium application. Potassium deficiency was found in all treatments of potassium fertilizerapplication，among which 120 kg/hm²was thelowest，which was42.7%，39.5% lower than the control. The soil potassium supplementation range was 160.2～203.1，173.4～ 205.7 kg/hm² after the straw was returned to the field in production. The potassium application amount with straw return should be higher than 60 kg/hm² to maintain the potassium balance.Considering comprehensively the factors such as riceyield，potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil potassiumbalance，it is appropriate to apply potassium at 110.7～ 129.6 kg/hm² in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area under current production conditions.