不同调控措施对个旧矿区水稻土 As修复及水稻 As累积的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南 昆明 650221;2.云南省红河州个旧市大屯镇农业综合服务中心,云南 个旧 661077)

作者简介:

杜丽娟(1981-),女,副研究员,硕士,从事农业环境与农产品质量安全研究。E-mail:36violet@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:国家重点研发计划专项(2018YFD0800603);科技惠民 -云南省农科院农业科技创新及成果转化专项(2017RA01407);云南省人才培养计划项目(2014HB059,2015HC025);云南省农业联合面上项目[NO.2017FG001(-059)]。


Effect of different regulating measures on arsenic accumulation of rice and arsenic restoration of paddy soil in Gejiu mining areas
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(1.Institute of Agriculture Quality Standards & Testing Technique,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science,KunmingYunnan650221;2.Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Datun Town in Gejiu City of Honghe Region of YunnanProvince,Gejiu Yunnan661077)

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    摘要:

    在大田试验条件下,研究了复合钝化剂 A1(蛭石 +硫酸亚铁),A2(纳米活性炭 +硅钾钙镁肥)、A3(火山石 +钙镁磷肥 +有机肥)和 B1(叶面硅肥)单一和联合 7种不同的调控处理(A1、A2、A3、B1、A1B1、A2B1、A3B1)对云南省个旧矿区稻田 As污染土壤的修复效应及对稻米 As累积的影响。结果表明:添加土壤钝化剂后土壤 pH值均有不同程度的升高;非专性吸附态和专性吸附态 As含量均有不同程度的降低,联合调控处理效果优于单一处理;不同处理对水稻均有不同程度的增产效果,A1B1、A2B1、A3B1 3种联合调控处理后水稻产量分别增加 28.0%、27.2%和 29.7%,联合调控增产效果较单一好;不同处理水稻根系、茎叶、糙米中 As含量和无机 As含量都有不同的程度的降低,A2B1联合调控处理糙米中 As含量和无机 As含量分别降低 60.3%和77.1%,效果较其它处理好;不同钝化剂处理下,根系到茎叶、茎叶到糙米、根系到糙米的转运系数都明显降低,A2B1联合调控处理效果较其它处理优。综上,采用土壤钝化 -农艺联合调控措施,即基施蛭石和硫酸亚铁联合钝化剂,同时在水稻灌浆期和抽穗期喷施叶面硅肥(A2B1),能有效修复个旧矿区 As污染土壤,有效降低糙米中 As的含量和无机 As含量,有效提高矿区稻米安全质量,该项技术可在 As污染的农田推广应用。

    Abstract:

    Under the field testconditions,the composite passivator A1(vermiculite and ferroussulfate),A2(nano -activated carbon and silicon potassium calcium fertilizer),A3(volcanic stone and calcium magnesium phosphate andorganic fertilizer)and B1(leaf surface silicon fertilizer)were studied by being applied separately or in combination asA1B1,A2B1 and A3B1 to determine their remediation effects on arsenic -contaminated paddy soil and the accumulation ofarsenic for rice in Gejiu mining area of YunnanProvince.The results showed that the soil pH value increased with differentdegrees after the addition of soil passivationagent.The contents of arsenic in non -specific adsorption and specific adsorptionstates decreased,and the regulation effects of combined regulators were better than those of the single passivatingregulators.Different treatments had different effects on riceyield.For the treatment of combinedA1B1,A2B1 andA3B1,the yield ofrice increased by28.0%,27.2% and29.7%,respectively.The effects of combined regulation on yield increase were better thanthose of the singleagents.The contents of arsenic and inorganic arsenic inroots,stems andleaves,brown rice of differenttreatments decreased to different extents,for the combined treatmentA2B1,they were reduced by 60.3% and77.1%,andthe effect was obviously better than othermeasures.Under differenttreatments,the transport coefficient from roots to stemsand leaves,stems and leaves to brownrice,roots to brown rice were significantlyreduced,the effect of combined treatmentA2B1 was better thanothers.Insummary,adopting soil passivation -agronomic joint controlmeasures,basal applicationwith combined passivation of vermiculite and ferroussulfate,at the sametime,spraying foliar silicon fertilizer in rice fillingstage and heading stage(A2B1 jointregulation)could effectively repair the arsenic contaminated soil in Gejiu miningareas, and effectively reduce the arsenic and inorganic arsenic in the brown rice and improve the safety and quality of rice in theminingareas.This technology could be applied in arsenic contaminated farmland.

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杜丽娟,陈璐,米艳华,严红梅,孔令明,张文波,尹本林.不同调控措施对个旧矿区水稻土 As修复及水稻 As累积的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(2):93-99,106.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-20
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-06-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-05-07
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