生物炭基肥施用对棉田土壤线虫群落结构的影响
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作者单位:

(1.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;2.新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;3.南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏 南京 210095)

作者简介:

杨贝贝(1995-),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士研究生,从事农业生态与环境保护研究。E-mail:853323397@qq.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:南京农业大学 -新疆农业大学联合基金项目(KYYJ201702)。


Effect of biochar based application on soil nematode community structure in cotton field
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(1.College of Grassand EnvironmentalSciences,Xinjiang AgriculturalUniversity,Urumqi Xinjiang830052;2.Xinjiang Key Laboratoryof Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi Xinjiang830052;3.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing AgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing Jiangsu210095)

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    摘要:

    为比较生物炭基肥、生物质炭施用以及常规施肥对棉田土壤线虫群落结构的影响设置棉花田间试验。试验处理为常规施肥(CK)、生物炭基肥 +常规追肥(T+C)、生物炭基肥 +木醋液追肥(T+M)、生物质炭 +常规追肥(SWT)。采用浅盘法分离土壤线虫,用显微镜进行数量统计和种类鉴定,计算多样性生态指数。棉田各施肥处理土壤线虫密度范围为 175~ 334 ind/100g,表现为 T+C>T+M>CK>SWT。CK处理主要线虫优势属为螺旋属 Helicotylenchus;T+C处理的线虫优势属为原杆属 Protorhabditis、螺旋属 Helicotylenchus和针属 Paratylenchus,T+M处理的线虫优势属为原杆属 Protorhabditis和螺旋属 Helicotylenchus,SWT处理的线虫优势属为原杆属 Protorhabditis和真头叶属 Eucephalobus。所获得的土壤线虫隶属于 35个属,添加生物炭基肥提高了土壤线虫总数量、食细菌性线虫数量、食真菌性线虫数量和杂食 -捕食性线虫数量,抑制了植食性线虫数量,并且提高了线虫的多样性指数(H)、均匀度指数(J)和瓦斯乐斯卡指数(WI);T+C和 T+M处理的植物寄生线虫成熟指数(PPI)高于 CK处理;SWT的植物寄生线虫成熟指数(PPI)低于 CK处理。添加生物炭基肥增加了线虫数量,提高了食细菌线虫和食真菌线虫丰度。

    Abstract:

    Field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of biochar based application and conventional fertilizationon soil nematode community structure in cottonfields,the test treatmentswere:conventionalfertilization(CK),biochar -based fertilizer + conventional top dressing(T+C),biochar -based fertilizer + wood vinegar top dressing(T+M),biochar +conventional top dressing(SWT). The soil nematodes were separated by shallow disk method,and the quantitative statistics and species identification were performed by microscope to calculate different diversity ecological index. The soilnematode density in cotton field was 175~ 334 ind/100g,which was expressed as T+C>T+M>CK>SWT. Helicotylenchusiswere the dominant genus of soil nematode inCK; Protorhabditis,Helicotylenchus and Paratylenchus were the dominant genusof soil nematode inT+C; Protorhabditis and Helicotylenchus werethe dominant genus of soil nematode inT+M; Protorhabditis and Eucephalobus were the dominant genus of soil nematode in SWT. The obtained soil nematodes belong to 35 genera. The addition of biochar-based fertilizer increased the total number of soilnematodes,the number of bacterivorenematodes,thenumber of fungivore nematodes and the number of omnivore/predator nematodes,inhibited the number of plant parasitenematodes,increased the Shannon -Wiener index(H),Pielou evenness index(J)and Wasilewska index(WI). Plantparasitic nematode maturationindex(PPI)treated by T+C and T+M were higher than that of CK treatment,while the PPI of SWT treatment was lower than that of CK treatment. The addition of biochar-based fertilizer increased the number of nematodes and increased the abundance of bacterivores nematodes and fungivores.

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杨贝贝,朱新萍,赵一,陈小云,贾宏涛,李辉信.生物炭基肥施用对棉田土壤线虫群落结构的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2020,(4):66-71.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-25
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2019-10-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-09-14
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